732 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



chiasma, optic (see optic chiasma) 

 chicken: G alius, q.v. 

 Chimcera (elasmobranch: a chimaera) 

 oculorotatory muscles of, 564, 574 

 retina of, 568 

 chimaras: Holocephali, q.v. 

 chimpanzee 



color vision of, 515 

 visual acuity of, 207 

 Chironectes (mammal: water opossum), 



443, 664 

 Chiroptera (order of mammals; bats; := Micro- 

 chiroptera + Megachiroptera, qq.v.) 

 binocularity in, 310 

 cornea: retinal areal ratio in, 289 

 diurnal 'blindness' of, 168 

 feeding method of, 169 

 lens shape in, 213 

 localization by, 343 



mammillated chorioid in, 254-255, 270, 

 optic axes of, 297 [273, 678 



pupil in, 162, 221 

 retina in, 216, 254-255, 273, 685 

 degeneration of, 228 

 exception to avascularity of, 684 

 tapetum lucidum in, 238, 241, 684 

 size of eye in, 677 

 taxonomic position of, 139, 676 

 upward tilt of eyes in, 296 

 use of caves by, 209 

 visual cells of, 216, 685 

 ChloTophthalmus (teleost), keyhole-shaped 



pupil of, 292 

 chlorophyll, spectrum of, 196 

 Cholapus (mammal: two-toed sloth), pupil 



of, 221, 228, 257 

 Chologaster (teleost: an amblyopsid), eyes 



and habitat of, 387 

 chondrocranium: the primitive cartilaginous 



vertebrate brain-case; 557 

 Chondrostei, 135-136*, 569* 



eyes of, 569-573, sub-index p. 569 

 primitive, visual cells of, 591, 600, 612, 

 relationships of, 589 [688 



chordates: Chordata (a phylum of animals 

 having dorsal, tubular nervous sys- 

 tems, notochord, and gill-slits at 

 some period in the life-cycle; in- 

 cludes vertebrates and also Ascidia, 

 Amphioxus, etc. - qq.v.) 

 early, habits of, 208 

 chorioid, 13* 



choriocapillaris layer of, 8, 14, 51* 

 function of, 51, 652 

 ontogenetic disappearance of, 672 

 and tapetum lucidum, 231-232, 234, 

 endothelial cells of, 234 [654, 672 



function of, 13, 625, 652 



'gland' of, 118, 261, 365, 574*, 577, 581- 

 582, 651 



mammillation of, 254-255, 678 



muscle cells in, 273, 281, 442, 645 



pigmentation of, function of, 13, 228-229 



suprachorioidea of, 566* 

 elasmobranchs, 566 

 sturgeons, 570-571 



taxonomically: 



lampreys, 558 



elasmobranchs, 566 



sturgeons, 570-571 



holosteans, 574 



teleosts, 581-584 



cladistians, 589 



dipnoans, 590 



anurans, 595, 598, 602 



urodeles, 602 



Ccedlians, 606 



chelonians, 609, 611 



crocodilians, 613 



Sphenodon, 617 



lizards, 617, 623 



snakes, 629 



birds, 644-646 



monotremes, 668 



marsupials, 672 



placentals, 678 



man, 6-8, 13-14, 678 

 chroma, 85* -86 

 chromatic aberration, 82, 193*- 1 94 



compensations for, 193-195 

 chromatophores, 525, 525*-526, 584 



endocrine control of, 529, 550 



innervation of, 529, 540 

 chromophore, 75* 



chronoscope: precision instrument for meas- 

 uring minute intervals of time; 356 

 Chrosomus (teleost; a dace), dermal color 



changes in, 525 

 Chrysemys (reptile: painted turtle) 



area centralis of, 1 86 



coloration of eye and head in, 546-547 



double cone of, 59 



embryonic conus papillaris of, 611 

 Chrysochloris (mammal: golden mole) 



eyes of, 677 



taxonomic position of, 676 

 Chrysopelea (reptile: flying-snake), optic 



axes of, 294 

 Chrysophrys (teleost), iris-angle region of, 



159 

 chunk-head snakes: Amblycephalidee, q.v. 

 cichlids (teleost family Cichlidje), dermal 



color changes in, 525 

 ciliary body (see also accommodation, 

 muscles) 



asymmetry in, 300, 442 



