INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



735 



Colubridae (reptiles: central snake family) 

 canal of Schlemm in, 629-630 

 derivatives of (see Elapidae, ViperidcB, 



Crotalids), 629 

 fossorial, spectacles of, 450 

 habits in, 201 

 pupil in, 221, 225 

 retina in, 61, 167 

 visual cells in, 63, 165-166, 201, 636-640, 



637-639 

 vitreal vessels of, 654 

 yellow lens in, 201 

 Columba (bird: domestic pigeon), 173 

 accommodation and refraction of, 281-282 

 area centralis and fovea of, 187, 190 

 blinking act in, 644 

 color vision of, 499, 501 

 cornea: retina areal ratio in, 289 

 critical fusion frequency for, 354 

 head movements of, 342 

 oil-droplet fields of, 196, 499, 503 

 opacity of media to ultra-violet, 196 

 pecten shadows of, 365 

 pupil reflexes of, 158, 500-501 

 retina of, 659 

 visual acuity of, 207 

 visual fields of, 295 

 Colvin, 506, 513 

 commencement point, 252*, 252 

 commensal: an organism which depends for 

 food upon another organism, but 

 does the latter no harm; see para- 

 site, Encheliophis, Typhlogobius 

 conditioned reflex: a response made to stim- 

 ulus B, after stimuli A and B have 

 been repeatedly presented together 

 — stimulus A being one to which 

 the response is spontaneously made 

 by the species in question; 486, 

 488, 491, 494 

 conjugation of eyes (see eye-movements of 

 mammals, binocular vision 

 [evolution of] ) 

 conjunctiva, 10-11*, 382, 570 

 bones in, 569 



folds of, serving as lids, 427 

 origin and homologies of, 11, 449-453, 



451 

 simulation of lid by, 387 

 Connolly, 481 



Constrictor (reptile: common boa) 

 canal of Schlemm (lacking) in, 629 

 ciliary body of, 629 

 visual fields of, 294 

 contaa lens: a type of corrective spertacle 

 which snugly fits the eyeball; 441 

 contrast 



color-. 498-499 



enhancement of 



by color vision, 463-464 

 by intra-ocular color-filters, 195, 502-503 

 conus papillaris, 607* (see also 648-659 for 

 functional significance) 



taxonomically: 



chelonians, 611, 658 



crocodilians, 615 



Sphenodon, 620 



lizards, 611, 624-625, 632, 658 



snakes, 631, 633 



mammals, 670, 672 

 convergence (see accommodation, converg- 

 coots [ence and) 



feeding habits of, 439 



head movements of, 342 

 copperhead: Agkistrodon, q.v. 

 coral snakes (Elapidaj, in part), visual cells 

 cormorant: Thalacrocora^, q.v. [in, 638 



cornea (see also Descemet) 



accommodation of, 278, 281, 441 



asymmetric pressure on, 379-381 



autochthonous layer of, 577, 580* 



history of, 436, 449-453, 451, 579-580, 

 667 



optical elimination of (by water), 264- 

 265, 290, 380, 417, 441-442, 

 444, 448, 592 

 compensations for, 430, 434-436, 438, 

 440, 442, 446 



osmosis through, 369-373, 592 



peculiar laminations of, 580, 590 



pigmentation of, 219, 433-434 

 yellow, 191, 200, 202 



size of, 211-212, 214, 377, 408, 424, 441, 



support of, 416-417 [444-446,667,671 



surface of, 417, 578 



thick, 441, 443 



vascular, 602, 678 



visual angle and, 289, 377 



wool on, 453 



taxonomically: 



lampreys, 557 



elasmobranchs, 219, 566 



sturgeons, 569-570 



holosteans, 200, 574 



teleosts, 200, 219, 574, 577, 578-581, 667 

 cleavage of, 451, 453, 579-580 



dipnoans, 590 



amphibians, 592-595, 601, 606 



chelonians, 609 



crocodilians, 613 



Sphenodon, 617, 623 



lizards, 617, 623 



snakes, 627 



birds, 641, 644 



monotremes, 666-668, 667 



marsupials, 671-672 



