INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



737 



horizontal pupil of, 221, 227, 299 



tapetum lucidum (lacking) in, 241 

 Cynomys (mammal: a sciurid rodent; 



area centralis of, 187 [prairie-dog) 



habits of, 205, 312 



mobility of eye in, 312 



optic disc of, 180 



pupil of, 221 



retina of, 176, 513, 659, 684 



visual acuity of, 312 



visual cells of, 685 



yellow lens of, 143, 199 

 Cynopterus (mammal: a fruit-bat), retinal 



tapetum lucidum of, 684 

 Cyprinidct (teleosts: minnow family) 



chorioid gland in, 581 



conjugate cones in, 586 



cornea in, 579 



development of sclera in, 578-579 



guanin tapetum lucidum in, 236, 240, 585, 

 692 (entry for p. 236) 

 Cyprinodontidffi (teleosts: killifish family), 

 taxonomic position of, 576-577, 587 

 Cyprinus (teleost: carp) 



color vision of, 478, 489-490 



form-discrimination of, 489-490 



lens and ultra-violet light, 375 

 Czermak, 236 



dace (see Chrosomus, Semotilus) 

 dachshund, visual hunting by, 345 

 Damomanta (elasmobranch: a ray), pupil 



of, 220, 222 

 Daltonism: hereditary dichromatic color 



blindness; see color blindness and 

 p. 692 (entry for p. 99) 

 dark-adaptation 73*, 76-80 

 darters (teleosts), yellow cornea in, 202 

 Darwin, 438, 466 

 Dasyatis (elasmobranch: a ray), pupillary 



operculum of, 222 

 Dasypeltis (reptile: egg-eating snake), visual 



cells of, 166, 638 

 Dasypus (mammal: armadillo) 



cornified and vascular cornea in, 665, 678 



eye of, 680 



eyeshine of, 241 



lid closure in, 427 



pupil of, 221 



retina of, 216, 685 



taxonomic position of, 139, 676 

 Dasyurus (mammal: marsupial 'cat') 



ciliary muscle of, 673-674 



pupil of, 221, 227 



retinal vessels of, 672-673 



tapetum lucidum of, 241, 672 

 Davenport, 524 



Davis, 507 



dazzlement (see glare and dazzle) 



decussation, 47, 52*, 335 



partial, value of, 320-323, 328-331 

 total 



and impermanence of correspondence, 



meaninglessness of, 5>2, 322 [330 



w partial, 52, 319, 323-331, 532 



simulation of, 321-322 

 deep-sea fishes, eyes, habits, and habitats 

 of, 391-405 

 accommodation (impossible) in, 257, 262 



substitutes for, 254, 257 

 argentea (lacking) in, 235 

 'bifocal' optics in, 257 

 binocularity in, 290, 320, 329, 331, 401- 



403, 413 

 eye movements (lacking) in, 329 

 fovea in, 190, 402 

 iris (lacking) in, 160-161 

 large eyes in, 209-210, 395 

 larvae of, 403-407, 404 



prsescopic, 40 1 , 405 

 lens in, 257, 262, 399-402, 400-401 

 loss of deep-sea habit by, 388, 399, 586 

 luminescence of, 396-398, 402-403 

 multiple optic papillae in, 367 

 optic chiasma of, 329 

 retina in, 399, 585-586 



accessory, 257, 400 



summation of, 400, 568 

 sclera in, 415, 565 

 size of, 395 

 tapetum lucidum in, 398 



fibrosum, guanin in, 239 



retinal, 238, 585 

 tubular eyes in, 212-213, 262, 264, 400- 



development of, 400-40 1 [ 403 



vestigial eyes in, 397-398 

 visual cells of, 399, 568 



concentration of, 396, 399-400 



length of, as substitute for accommo- 

 deep-sea habitats [dation, 254, 399 



characterization of, 393-398 

 classification of, 392-393 

 deeps (of ocean), 393* 

 deer: Cervida, q.v. 

 deer-fly, speed of, 351-352 

 degenerate eyes 



eye muscles and, 300 



produced by darkness, 390 



recrudescence of, 390 



speaacle in, 450, 453, 458-459 



taxonomically: 



cyclostomes, 210, 387, 391, 562 



teleosts, 210, 300, 384, 387-391 



dipnoans, 589-590 



amphibians, 210, 300, 407, 600, 605-606 



