750 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



intensity (objeaive; cf. brightness) 

 adaptations to, 143-246 



dermal, 530-532 

 adjustment of pupil to, 265, 592 

 discrimination of, 70, 72*, 485 

 vs exposure-time, 230 

 fusion and, 70, 72 

 photochemical effect of, 103 

 reference of brightness to, 247 

 regulation of, 469 

 inter-pupillary distance 



in man and mammals, 327 

 in relation to bathopsis and stereopsis, 

 327, 330, 405 

 intoxication, disturbance of reflex eye- 

 movements in, 301 

 invagination: an in-bulging or in-pocketing 

 invertebrates: animals (except lower chord- 

 ates) lacking a vertebral column 

 blind, 388, 390 

 photophores of, 396, 402 

 visual organs of, 2-3, 254, 257, 268, 282, 

 343, 351, 370-371, 395, 492, 324 

 inward convergence of retina: summation, q.v. 

 iodopsin, 100*, 102 

 Ipnops (deep-sea teleost) 

 photophores of, 398 

 unique complete eyelessness of, 397-398 

 iridocytes, 526*, 533, 581, 595, 619, 630, 

 iridosomes, 526*, 597 [679 



iris (see also pupil) 



argentea of, 159, 236, 558, 567, 571-572, 



575, 577, 584 

 circulation of, taxonomically: 

 lampreys, 558 

 elasmobranchs, 566 

 teleosts, 584 

 amphibians, 598, 602 

 crocodilians, 619 

 Sphenodon, 619 

 lizards, 619, 624, 630, 647 

 snakes, 630 

 birds, 647 



mammals, 14-15, 673 

 coloration of, 16-17, 543-551, 545, 547, 

 584, 614, 668, 679 

 changes of, 549-551 

 sexual differences in, 226, 549-550 

 elimination of, 401 

 folds of, 276, 564, 567, 596 

 muscles of, 153-163 



role of, in accommodation, 285, 436- 

 438, 437, 440-441, 444, 622, 

 647-648 

 'sphinrter of Grynfeltt', 160*, 584 

 voluntary (?) control of, 156, 269 

 taxonomically: 

 elasmobranchs, 567-568, 571 



teleosts, 160, 584 



amphibians, 597, 602 



sauropsidans in general, 269-270 



chelonians, 436-437, 610, 614 



crocodilians, 614 



Sphenodon, 619-620 



lizards in general, 624 



geckoes, 223 



snakes, 438, 630, 635 



birds, 156, 269, 440-442, 441, 647 



mammals in general, 218, 444, 619- 



620, 647, 668-669, 673, 678-679 

 seals, 446-448 

 man, 10, 15, 17-18 

 photomechanical changes of, 150 



(Table II) 

 physiology of, 17-18, 153-163, 217-228, 



590 

 taxonomically: 

 lampreys, 158, 558, 572 

 elasmobranchs, 567-568 

 sturgeons, 571-572 

 holosteans, 574-575 

 teleosts, 580, 584 

 dipnoans, 590 

 anurans, 596-598 

 urodeles, 602 

 cscilians, 606 

 chelonians, 609-610 

 crocodilians, 614 

 Sphenodon, 617-620, 647 

 lizards, 624, 647 

 snakes, 630, 633, 635 

 birds, 156, 269, 647 

 monotremes, 667-668 

 marsupials, 673 

 placentals, 156, 669, 678-680 

 man, 14-15, 16-18 

 isabelline: pale in coloration as a conse- 

 quence of partial albinism 

 birds, ostracism of, 466 

 Ischreyt, 440 

 Isely, 524 



isodynamic cells, 322* 

 Ixobrychus (bird: a bittern), binocularity 

 and freezing posture of, 309 



Jacobson, organ of, 424* 



Javal, 315 



Johnson, 249, 286, 292, 296, 312, 447 



Jokl, 657 



Joseph, cells of (in Amphioxus) , 120, 126, 



128 

 ]ulis (teleost: a labrid) 



binocular field of, 292 



fovea of, 304 

 jumping hare: Pedetes, q.v. 



