CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INLAND-ICE OF THE 

 ARCTIC REGIONS. 



(Plates XXVI-XXX.) 



By WM. HERBERT HOBBS. 



(Read April 22, igio.) 



CONTENTS 



PAGE- 



The Arctic Glacier Type 58 



Introduction 58 



North and South Polar Areas Contrasted 59 



The Fixed Areas of Atmospheric Depression 60 



Ice-caps of Norway 62 



Ice-caps of Iceland 62 



Ice-covered Archipelago of Franz Josef Land 66 



The Smaller Areas of Inland-ice Within the Arctic Region 69 



The Inland-ice of Spitzbergen 71 



The Inland-ice of Grinnell, Ellesmere, and Baffin Lands 74 



Physiography of the Continental Glacier of Greenland 75 



General Form and Outlines 75 



The Ice Face or Front 84 



Features Within the Marginal Zone 86 



Dimples or Basins of Exudation Above the Marginal Tongues 87 



Scape Colks and Surface Moraines 90 



Marginal Moraines 93 



Fluvio-glacial Deposits 95 



Nourishment of the Greenland Inland-ice 96 



Few and Inexact Data 96 



Snowfall in the Interior of Greenland 96 



The Circulation of Air over the Ishlink 99 



Foehn Winds within the Coastal Belt icr 



Wind Transportation of Snow over the Desert of Inland-ice 102 



Fringing Glaciers Formed from Wind Drift 104 



Nature of the Surface Snow of the Inland-ice 104 



Snow-drift Forms of Deposition and Erosion — sastrugi 105 



Source of the Snow in Cirrus Clouds 109 



Depletion of the Greenland Ice from Surface Alelting no 



Eastern and Western Slopes Compared no- 

 Effect of the Warm Season within the Marginal Zones of the Inland- 

 ice Ill 



57 



