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IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



would make a good associate for the red pine if planted in alternate 

 rows. The spruce being slower in growth and capable of withstand- 

 ing shade, would serve to reinforce the somewhat open foliage of the red 

 pine windbreak. 



For commercial planting the red pine probably ranks next to the 

 white pine among the evergreens for lumber production. Plantations 

 should be restricted to poor, sandy soils or such areas as are unprofitable 

 for agricultural crops. The spacing should not be greater than 8 by 8 

 feet in order to shade off the lower branches as the trees mature. 



The red pine has a place for ornamental planting in Iowa the same 

 as the white pine. The coarseness of the foliage often makes a con- 

 trast which is highly desirable for ornamental purposes. 



JACK PINE — (Piniis clivarieata) 



The Tree: The jack pine grows natively from Maine to Minnesota 

 in the United States, but not in Iowa. In the forest the tree is not 

 considered of much value, due to the fact that it is generally closely 

 associated with the more valuable trees, white and red pines. Although 

 usually of small size as compared with the other evergreen trees, this 

 pine reaches a diameter of three feet and a height of 80 to 90 feet in good 

 situations. Although very branchy and scrubby when grown in an open 

 stand on poor soil, it is almost as straight bodied and free of side 

 branches as the red pine when grown in even aged stands in the lake 



Fig-. C. — A thrifty young windbreak composed of red pine trees ten 

 years old. Tlie trees average about 10 feet in lieight. The red pine is 

 one of the most desirable evergreen trees for planting in the state. 



