TENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X 449 



(according to tests made) $200.00 to say nothing of the fertilizer that you 

 get from feeding. Total $1,787.00, less cost of calves and feed, $1,275.00 

 leaving $512.00. 



Now a little expense on the milking side: We have 30 cows and they 

 require 70 acres to pasture them, which is worth $280.00; the expensie 

 of milking would be $1.80 per day and for 30 days, $54.00 and for 7 

 months would be $378.00; man and team four half days per week would 

 be $5.60 and for 30 weeks would be $168.00. The life of a separator is 

 estimated at five years, say this would be $20.00, cans, pails, etc., and now 

 the cleansing of the separator and cans, buckets, etc. — oh, well, the good 

 woman of the house can do that, that does not amount to much, but gen- 

 tlemen, is her time not worth as much as yours? I say it is, for it is 

 no easy job to take a separator apart, to wash and scrub and cleanse ev- 

 erything properly, will just take her one hour every day for 210 days. I 

 suppose you would be willing to give her $25.00 for her work, would you? 

 That would cost you $871 for you to get your cream to the factory. Now, 

 then, the average cow in the United States produces 170 lbs. of butter per 

 year, and if it takes 150 lbs. of that to pay for her keeping and care, don't 

 you think there is a great deal of money made at keeping a cow for 20 

 lbs. of butter at 24.4 cents per pound, as that is the price according to 

 government reports for the last twelve months. 



Beef vs. Milk. I will feed the calves and make beef and those who 

 wish can do the milking. 



MARKET CLASSES AND GRADES OF SHEEP.* 

 XJ. S. Department of Agnculture, Farmers Bulletin 360. 



A recent bulletin of the Illinois Station, by W. C. Coffey, defines and 

 illustrates the various classes and grades of sheep recognized on the Chi- 

 cago and other large markets. The information is intended to aid those 

 engaged in growing and handling sheep to understand and apply the 

 market reports. 



"The grower or feeder offering sheep for sale often foi'ms a very imper- 

 fect estimate of their market value, and chiefly tiecause his contact with 

 the open market has not been sufficient to familiarize him with the factors 

 embodied by the various terms in market reports. * * * Because his 

 judgment as to the true market worth of his sheep is uncertain, the owner 

 may suffer a financial loss in dealing with a local buyer by selling under 

 the market value or by missing a sale by asking too much for them. If, 

 at the time of sale, the owner could definitely determine the value of his 

 sheep, he would experience less difficulty in coming to an early under- 

 standing with the local buyer, or in case he shipped them direct to the 

 open market, the chances for disappointment and dissatisfaction would 

 be greatly reduced. While it is the privilege of a few to visit the markets 

 often and there learn the requirements and the demands for the different 



•Compiled from Illinois Sta. Bui. 129. For classiflcation of other farm animals 

 see U. S. Dept. Agri., Farmers' Buls. 222, p. 24; 331, p. 2S. 

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