TENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X 001 



struction in all the elementary grades, but extensive and specially 

 equipped buildings have been erected for manual training in the high 

 schools. 



These radical changes in teaching in schools equipped for industrial 

 training will have a healthy reaction on the whole elementary school sys- 

 tem, from the lowest grade to the highest. There will be more attention 

 to the essentials, more concrete application of principles, an awakening 

 of teachers to the capabilities of their pupils, and clearer insight into 

 the possibilities of directing their lives aright. There will be a vitaliza- 

 tion of all the elementary schools. Those pupils who are so fortunate 

 as to possess the real desire for knowledge for the love of knowledge, 

 and are able to satisfy this desire, which leads to what the world calls 

 culture, will reap as rich benefits as do those v.-ho from choice or force 

 of circumstances are denied the liberal education. 



What industrial education means to the elementary schools may be 

 summed up as follows: 



A more careful grouping of children with reference to their capabili- 

 ties and proclivities. 



A more sane and democratic arrangeiflent of courses of study. 



A new unit in the school system — viz., the vocational school. 



A more cordial feeling of inter-responsibility between liberal and in- 

 dustrial training. 



A closer unification of all the work of the elementary course. 



A longer school day M'ith longer and fewer periods. 



Better teaching of subjects by careful distinction between the essen- 

 tial and non-essential. 



And lastly, an awakening and clearer insight of teachers into the pos- 

 sibilities of their work. 



The best preparation for the youth must strive to place him at the 

 work for which ho is mcst apt and at which he is likely to do well. 

 Imperial Germany and republican Switzerland have both by virtue of 

 their industrial training and through their teachers succeeded in sort- 

 ing out boys and girls for the vocations to Y\'hich they seem best fitted, 

 Democracy, it is said, should offer every individual an opportunity to 

 put forth his best efforts. Then indeed should the people of our rural 

 communities inaugurate this modern progressive educational and train- 

 ing movement. 



THE FARMERS' GARDEN. 



DY MBS. WM. HULL. 



(Before The Pow^eshiek County Farmers' Institute.) 



Speaking of gardens one is reminded that our first account of agri- 

 culture was a garden. In the garden referred to we have a good example 

 to follow if w-e never reach its high ideal. When we get agriculture 

 taught in our rural schools, as it should be, then the garden will receive 

 the notice and attention w'hich should be accorded it. In all lines of 

 activity agriculture is found prominently forging to the front, and 



