FOURTEENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART XI. 803 



minimum readings were near or slightly below the freezing point over 

 the northern half of the State. 



Showers were frequent, and in many cases heavy; the average monthly 

 amount being 6.24 inches, or 1.74 inches greater than the normal. Rain 

 fell at some place in the State on every day of the month, and as a result 

 plowing and corn planting were delayed until the 27th. Much corn was, 

 however, planted during the last few days, and about 85 per cent of the 

 crop was in at the close of the month. The frequent and heavy rains 

 were of great benefit to pastures and meadows, and a heavy hay crop 

 is assured. Late in the afternoon of the 14th a small tornado occurred at 

 Council Bluffs, passing over much of the same territory as the Easter 

 tornado did. The damage was slight compared to that of the storm on 

 the evening of March 23d last. 



Temperature. — The monthly mean temperature for the State, as shown 

 by the records of 111 stations, was 59.4°, or 0.7° lower than the normal 

 for Iowa. By sections the mean temperatures were as follows: North- 

 ern, 57.0°, or 1.5° lower than the normal; Central, 59.5° or 0.7° lower 

 than the normal; Southern, 61.6°, or just the normal. The highest 

 monthly mean was 63.4°, at Keokuk, Lee County; and the lowest month- 

 ly mean, 54.6°, at Rock Rapids, Lyon County. The highest temperature 

 reported was 102°, at Onawa, Monona County, on the 29th; the lowest 

 temperature reported was 30°, at 3 stations, on the 2d, 6th and 10th. 

 The avei'age monthly maximum was 92°, and the average monthly 

 minimum was 35°. The greatest daily range was 45°, at Sigourney, 

 Keokuk County. The average of the greatest daily ranges was 36°. 



Precipitation. — The average precipitation for the State as showin by 

 the records of 118 stations, was 6.24 inches, or 1.74 inches greater than 

 the normal. By sections the averages were as follows: Northern, 6.50 

 inches, or 1.95 inches greater than the normal; Central, 6.59 inches, or 

 2.12 inches greater than the normal; Southern, 5.63 inches, or 1.16 inches 

 greater than the normal. The greatest amount, 10.25 inches, occurred 

 at Britt, Hancock County, and the least, 3.14 inches, at Lamoni, Decatur 

 County. The greatest amount in any 24 consecutive hours, 3.42 inches, 

 occurred at Thurman, Fremont County, on the 20th. Measurable pre- 

 cipitation occurred on an average of 13 days. 



Sunshine and Cloudiness. — The average number of clear days was 11; 

 partly cloudy, 8; cloudy, 12. The duration of sunshine was less than 

 the inormal, the percentage of the possible amount being 57 at Charles 

 City; 70 at Davenport; 58 at Des Moines, 51 at Dubuque; 59 at Keokuk; 

 and 48 at Sioux City. 



Wind. — Southeast winds prevailed. The highest velocity reported was 

 at the rate of 54 miles an hour from the east, at Sioux City, Woodbury 

 County, on the IHtli. 



.JUNE. 



June, 1913, was characterized by low temperatures during the first 

 half of the month, and especially during the second week; almost con- 

 tinuously high temipcratures during the latter half; a deficiency of rain- 



