208 AMEllICAN JOURNAL 



the typical NicMiniana, and is the commoner form near San 

 Francisco, nearly or quite imperforate, yellowish or brown, 

 diam. (of Val's. figure) 0-90, axis 0.55, alt. 0-70, whorls 5| ; pale 

 margins of the band usually visible. 



Dr. Newcomb considered this the typical form, in describing 

 H. Bridgesii and his var. a, " double the normal size." Others 

 are intermediate between this and the large var., while one from 

 Napa Co. measures only diam. 0-58, axis 0-48. The large var. 

 is rare near S. F. Bay, and the best I have seen were from 

 Bodega, where Nuttall probably obtained the type in 1835, as 

 he sailed along the coast in a trading vessel, touching at the few 

 points then inhabited by white men. 



C. Bridgesii, Newc, 1861. Differs from the larger form of 

 Nickliniana figured by Lea and Tryon, only in being " grayish 

 corneous, thinner, band broader, umbil. wider (?) ; diam. I'OO, alt. 

 0-73." Tryon's figure, though " from a type," is smaller, diam. 

 1-00, alt. 0-62, but seems the same. It is the variety found east 

 of S. F. Bay, in a warmer and drier climate than the type. Dr. 

 Newcomb compares it to ramentosa, which seems to hybridize 

 with it but is quite distinct. The sculpture is similar but fainter, 

 and like Lea's type it may be called " granulated." The wrin- 

 kled epidermis found in many specimens of Nickliniana from 

 near the coast, seems caused by a thickening of the surface ob- 

 scuring the normal reticulate granulation, which is usually found 

 on the upper whorls and in young specimens. I mentioned it 

 in the Synopsis as a specific character of Nickliniana, but it is 

 not constant, and the types do not seem to have shown it. Var. 

 Bridgesii always shows the pale margins to band. 



A. ramentosa, Gld., 1856. The typical small form, figured 

 by Tryon, with 5J whorls, is found chiefly on Mare Island, near 

 Benicia.* Some specimens show two narrow dark lines above 

 and two below the pale margined band. Those from southward 

 of there are larger, with one more whorl but the same form. 

 Those approaching Bridgesii are much more elevated. 



C. reticulata, Pf., 1857. This is doubtless merely a thickened 

 variety in which the band becomes single, the pale margins dis- 

 appearing, and the file-sculpture stronger. The color is de- 

 scribed as yellowish, that of ramentosa reddish, but intermediate 

 shades are found, the thinnest being darkest, as in the varieties 

 of Nickliniayia. Yates has brought specimens from Mission 

 Peak, Alameda Co. exactly like reticulata but larger, together 

 with numerous typical ramentosa. Mr. Carlton, however, dis- 



* Dr. Newcomb seut Gould the types from Beaicia. 



