EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART IX 469 



Temperature. — The mean temperature for the state, as shown by the 

 records of 102 stations, was 34.6°, or 1.3° higher than the normal. By 

 divisions, three tiers of counties to the division, the means were as fol- 

 lows: Northern, 31.2°, or 0.3° lower than the normal; Central, 35.1°, or 

 1.5° higher than the normal; Southern 38.6° or 2.5° higher than the nor- 

 mal. The highest monthly mean was 41.3°, at Ottumwa, and the lowest 

 monthly mean was 27.2°, at Estherville. The highest temperature re- 

 ported was 85°, at Lenox, on the 31st. The lowest temperature reported 

 was -13°, at Lake Park on the 4th. 



Humidity. — The average relative humidity for the state at 7 a. m. was 

 78 per cent, and at 7 p. m. it was 62 per cent. The mean for the month 

 was 70 per cent, or about 4 per cent lower than the normal. The high- 

 est monthly mean was 79 per cent, at Charles City, and the lowest was 

 62, at Keokuk. 



Precipitation. — The average precipitation for the state, as shown by 

 the records of 107 stations, was 1.84 inches, or 0.07 inch more than the 

 normal. 



By divisions the averages were as follows: Northern, 1.90 inches or 

 0.37 inch more than the normal; Central, 1.83 inches, or 0.04 inch less 

 than the normal; Southern, 1.78 inches, or 0.14 inch less than the nor- 

 mal. The greatest amount, 4.35 inches occurred at Sanborn, and the least, 

 .57 inch, at Audubon. The greatest amount in any 24 consecutive hours, 

 ^.50 inches, occurred at Sanborn, during a thunderstorm on the 16th. 



Snow. — The average snowfall for the state was 6.2 inches, or 1.0 inch 

 more than the normal. The greatest amount, 20.0 inches, occurred at 

 Sanborn; Williamsburg and Lacona reported no snow, and 18 stations 



ported only a trace. 



Wind. — The prevailing direction of the wind was from the northwest. 

 The highest velocity reported from a regular "Weather Bureau station 

 tPas at the rate of 56 miles an hour from the northwest, this occurring 

 at Sioux City on the 16th. 



Sunshine and Cloudiness. — The average per cent of the possible amount 

 _ sunshine was 60, or about 2 per cent higher than the normal. The 

 per cent of the possible amount at the regular Weather Bureau stations 

 was as follows: Charles City, 51; Davenport, 52; Des Moines, 62; Du- 

 buque, 61; Keokuk, 71; Sioux City, 53; Omaha, Nebr., 69. 



Miscellaneous Phenomena. — Fog occurred in the northeastern counties 

 on the 2d, 6th, 7th, 10th, 11th and 15th. Hail in south and east por- 

 tions of the state on the tenth. Halos, lunar or solar, on the 1st, 2d, 

 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 10th, 17th, 19th, 20th, 24th, 30th. A lunar halo of 

 radius 46° was observed at Des Moines, 9:15 p. m. of the 5th. Sleet on 

 the 6th, 7th, 11th, 12th, 13th in the southern and eastern portions of thfe 

 state, and quite generally on the 16th, 22d and 23rd. 



Birds -first observed. — Boone, robins, 13th; Centerville, robins, 20th; 

 Des Moines, robins, 12th; Earlham, wild geese, 20th, pewees, 24th, cranes, 

 29th; Forest City, robins, 11th; Grinnell, blue birds, 18th; Nora Springs, 

 wild geese, 17th, robins and black birds, 22d; Pocahontas, -siild ducks, 8th, 



