TWELFTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART I 17 



northern part of the state on the 8th, but no damage was done except 

 to vines and garden truck, as all staple crops were fully matured. The 

 freezing weather, later in the month, did, however, injure potatoes in the 

 ground. Killing frosts did not occur in the central and southern districts, 

 until the 21st or 22d. The first snow of the season of any conequence fell 

 on the 26th. Considerable corn was put in cribs in good condition, and 

 the yield of this staple was found to be somewhat better than was antici- 

 pated at the 1st of September. Late potatoes also turned out better than 

 was anticipated earlier in the season, and the largest and one of the best 

 crops of apples ever harvested in this state was secured. 



Much plowing and seeding of winter grains was done, and the early 

 sown grain was up and showed a good stand. Pasturage was exceptionally 

 good at the close of the month and will furnish much winter feed. The 

 water supply increased, and wells and streams now afford sufficient amount 

 for all purposes. 



Temperature. — The monthly mean temperature for the State, as shown 

 by the records of 111 stations, was 48.7°, which is 3.2° below the normal 

 for Iowa. By sections, the mean temperatures were as follows: Northern 

 section, 46.3°, which is 3.8° below the normal; Central section, 48.9°, which 

 is 2.9° below the normal; Southern section, 50.8°, which is 3.0° below the 

 normal. The highest monthly mean was 52.9° at Northboro, Page County, 

 and the lowest monthly mean, 43.5°, at Sibley Osceola County. The high- 

 est temperature reported was 87°, at Bloomfield, Davis County, and Bur- 

 lington, Des Moines County, on the 3d; the lowest temperature reported 

 was 14°, at Washta, Cherokee County, on the 28th. The average monthly 

 maximum was 77°, and the average monthly minimum was 23°. The 

 greatest daily range was 44°, at Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie County. 

 The average of the greatest daily ranges was 32. 



Precipitation. — The average precipitation for the state, as shown by the 

 records of 121 stations, was 3.34 inches, which is 0.99 inch above the nor- 

 mal. By sections the averages were as follows: Northern section, 4.08 

 inches, which is 1.81 inches above the normal; Central section, 3.36 inches, 

 which is 0.92 inch above the normal; Southern section, 2.58 inches, which 

 is 0.23 inch above the normal. The greatest amount, 7.03 inches, occurred 

 at Marshalltown, Marshall County, and the least, 0.73 inch, at Northboro, 

 Page County. The greatest amount in any 24 hours, 4.10 inches, occurred 

 at Marshalltown, Marshall County, on the 1st. Measurable precipitation 

 occurred on an average of 10' days 



Snow. — The first general snowfall of the season occurred on the 26th, 

 averaging about 1.5 inches over the northern third of the state. The 

 average for the state for the month was 0.6 inch. 



Sunshine and Cloudiness. — The average number of clear days was 12; 

 partly cloudy, 8; cloudy, 11. The duration of sunshine was below the 

 normal, the percentage of the possible amount being 56 at Charles City; 

 41 at Davenport; 53 at Des Moines; 41 at Dubuque, 40 at Keokuk; and 

 54 at Sioux City. 



