TWELFTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X 517 



but is better after standing half an hour. Any tint may be given the 

 white stoclc by stirring the desired dry color in a little water and adding 

 sufficient liquid color to the base. 



The following data in regard to the covering capacity and time of 

 applying was obtained as an average of several years' work from shop 

 records: 



One gallon covers on plaster=270 square feet. 



One gallon covers on brick=180 square feet. 



One gallon covers on wood=225 square feet. 



A man in 1 hour, using a 5-inch brush, will coat the following amount 

 of surface: 



Rough walls=22 square yards (198 sq. ft.). 



Smooth walls=38 square yards (342 sq. ft.). 



Brick walls=20 square yards (180 sq. ft.). 



Flat surface (bench or floor) =40 square yards. 



Ceiling (with stepladder)=2D square yards. 



Damp-proof CALCIMINE. {White stock) : For plastered walls. (1) Six- 

 teen pounds Paris white or extra gilder's whiting, 1 gallon boiling water. 



(2) One-half pound white sizing glue; soak 4 hours in one-eighth gallon 

 cold water, then dissolve on a water bath. 



(3) One-fourth pound phosphate of soda, dissolve in one-eighth gallon 

 boiling water. 



Mix (3) with (1), then add (2). 



If a thick white stock is wanted, use half a gallon of water with the 

 16 pounds of Paris white instead of one gallon. For tinting, use colors 

 that are not affected by lime, namely, yellow ochers, sienna, umbers, 

 Venetian red, para-red, maroon oxid, ultramarine blue, ultramarine green, 

 Chromium oxid, bone black, etc. 



If lampblack is used for tinting, it must be stirred up in hot water con- 

 taining a little soap or in cold water containing a little borax, the alkali 

 overcoming the greasy nature of the lampblack. 



PRECAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED IN PAINTING.. 



Do not use any paints containing compounds of lead about stables or 

 outbuildings where the fumes from the decaying organic matter occur, since 

 these gases are likely to darken the lead paints. Do not use with lead 

 compounds any pigments which may liberate compounds of sulphur. For 

 example, ultramarine blue which contains sulphur in a form in which it 

 may be set free is a beautiful and very permanent blue and may be used 

 with zinc white, but should not be used with white lead or any other 

 lead pigments. Prussian blue, on the contrary, does not contain sulphur 

 and may be used with lead pigments. 

 Remember that turpentine and benzin are very inflammable, and especial 

 precautions should be taken not to bring paint containing these substances 

 near any light or open fire. 



Many pigments are poisonous, and the workman should be particularly 

 careful to remove all paint stains from the skin, and not under any cir- 

 cumstances allow any of it to get into his mouth. A man should not eat 



