SEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK-PART VI. 229 



In passing on from this introduction into what we are to discuss, we 

 find that the conditions or environment surrounding swine disease are a 

 little different from those of cattle. The swine are shipped to market 

 usually within a year. The disease develops with rapidity in swine. If 

 they do not have the influences surrounding them for infection, they go to 

 market without tuberculosis. This is proven from statistics from Iowa 

 and Wisconsin cf tuberculosis in swine from dairy districts. About a 

 year ago I was at an abattoir and for seven days' killing we had from 230 

 ninety-five condemned in one day, and from an aggregate of 4,777 animals 

 101 condemned, which makes 2i/j per cent. One day from 528 killed there 

 were nineteen condemned, from 617 killed twenty-five condemned. I 

 talked with the inspector, and he said that for that time of year that 

 would be a good fair average. The infection was brought about by the 

 use of separator milk from creameries or separator milk from the man's 

 own farm. It seems like an easy matter to get at in order to stop infec- 

 tion or what will prove a loss to the farmer. In regard to tuberculosis in 

 Iowa I have talked with commission men in Chicago, and they tell me 

 that there are certain dairy districts in the State of Iowa that they would 

 not buy hogs from; that if they did they would buy them at a reduced 

 price, so that if you live in a dairy district and ship your hogs to Chicago 

 and they know where your hogs come from, they buy hogs that they 

 think are all right. They come around to you after they have bought 

 what they want and they will pay you at a low enough price that they 

 will have assurance that they will get their money back, or enough out of 

 it to pay for loss of animals condemned. It will react in the end. It has 

 reacted in Iowa. I know of three districts. I have talked with inspectors 

 and with firms that say they will not accept hogs from certain buyers 

 because they have lots of tuberculosis in that district and they will not 

 run the risk of losing hogs from inspection. The packing house people 

 In Iowa are not going to deal in hogs that are tubercular. For instance. 

 we have an infested district here in Des Moines. You telegraph for mar- 

 kets to Marshalltown and they telegraph back they don't want your hogs. 

 You ship them to Chicago. If they do not know about the tuberculosis 

 they will accept them and of course you are paid accordingly. It can not 

 be detected before they are killed. They may be and probably are just as 

 fat as the other hogs. If they are not tagged before they go to the abat- 

 toir, the packer will lose. If 214 per cent of the animals shipped in there 

 are tubercular it means a loss to somebody. What will the packer do if 

 he keeps it up? They will do what is best for themselves, and that is, 

 instead of making the prices lower and taking it from you, they will go 

 back and say, I will buy your pigs, and if they pass inspection I will 

 pay you. If ycu send hogs and they pass inspection you will get your 

 money. If another man sends hogs fed on creamery milk they will take 

 his hogs. If he sends sixty or seventy head and twenty are condemned 

 they will figure it on the bill the same as feed and yard and everything 

 else. There is some conjecture today as to the way in which the packers 

 will get around the subject of tuberculosis. 



Infection comes from the creamery. You get it in butter, in cream, in 

 cheese. It comes from the cow and from the udder of the cow. If you 



