>78 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



THURSDAY AFTERNOON SESSION. 



Meeting called to order at 2 p.m. by the President, and after a 

 piano solo by Miss Agnes Kouba, the regular program was taken up. 



DIFFERENCE IN EFFICIENCY OF DAIRY COWS— STRIKING COM- 

 PARISONS WITHIN ILLINOIS HERDS— 250,000 WORTHLESS 

 COWS REDUCE THE PROFITS— HOW TO STOP THIS TREMEN- 

 DOUS LOSS. 



PKOF. W. J. FRASER, U>'IVERSITr OF ILLINOIS, URBANA. 



James J. Hill, president of the Great Northern Railroad, recently said: 

 "Agriculture, in the most intelligent meaning of the term, is almost un- 

 known in the United States." 



The real relation of the cows and herd to the actual profits derived 

 from dairy farming is little understood by the people depending upon 

 this occupation for a living. 



ROSE AND QLTIEN. 



Rose is an Illinois Experiment Station cow with a record that has 

 made her famous. For ten years she has produced an average of 384 

 pounds butter fat — 448 pounds butter — per year. This is 1.23 pounds 

 butter for each and every day of the 365 — yes, of the 3,650 days. Her 

 largest record for one year was the enormous yield of 580.6 pounds butter 

 fat— 677.3 pounds, or more than one-third of a ton of butter. This was 

 worth at 23 cents per pound for butter fat, $133.53. In the ten years she 

 produced more than thirty-six tons of milk. 



In the same herd Queen has become conspicuous for a very different 

 reason. She has a six years' record of 152 pounds butter fat per-year. 

 And in exact comparison for one year. Rose made more than three times 

 as much butter fat as Queen from exactly the same feed, both in kinds 

 and amount, and with the same care. 



Rose is a grade cow bought when four years old for $50. Her average 

 milking period for the ten years was one year five and a third months. 



ROSE, $48.32 PROFIT,' QVEEX, NO PROFIT. 



At 23 cents per pound for butter fat, the annual income from Rose is 

 $88.32, and that from Queen $34.96. At $35 per year for feed Queen 

 would only pay her board, while Rose would return a profit or $53.32. 

 If Queen could be kept for $32 her profit would be only $2.96 per year. 

 If the market price of feed is such that it costs $38 per year to feed a 



