SEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK-PART X. 519 



If a carbolic dip is used care must be talven that the ingredients form 

 a thorough emulsion; if a scum arises to the top a soft water should 

 be used. 



In justice to this class of dips it is only fair to state that while the 

 views here expressed are entirely in accord with the opinions of some au- 

 thorities, they do not agree with the views held by others; but they are 

 based upon the material purchased in open market and probably repre- 

 sent the experience of many who have used these dips. The investiga- 

 tions of the bureau of animal industry certainly show that more tests are 

 necessary before this class of dips can be indorsed. It is hoped that 

 these tests may be made in the near future. 



One of the prominent carbolic dips was formerly recognized as one of 

 the three official dips in New South Wales, but it has now been stricken 

 from the list. In Cape Town carbolic dips are not much used and in the 

 official repoi-ts little is said concerning them. 



SETBACK TO THE SHEEP FROM DIPPING. 



Dipping often results in a slight setback. If sheep are weighed imme- 

 diately before dipping and again at the same hour the following day it 

 will be noticed that the weight has changed. There may be a gain, but 

 usually there is a loss varying from 14 to 0V2 pounds. The second day 

 there may be also either a gain or a loss. As the weight of sheep varies 

 from day to day, from 1 to 5 pounds in loss or gain, due chiefly to the in- 

 crease or decrease of the amount of fodder and water in the stomach, the 

 effects of dipping can not be estimated in twenty-four or forty-eight 

 hours. In order to meet statements made concerning loss or gain in 

 weight the bureau of animal industry had sheep dipped at stated inter- 

 vals and the weights taken from week to week; all the sheep were kept 

 under exactly the same conditions; the dips used were lime and sulphur, 

 tobacco and sulphur and two proprietary carbolic dips. 



At the end of- about two months, after three dippings, all of the sheep 

 showed a gain with the exception of one of the sheep from the car- 

 bolic dip, which lost slightly. The lowest gain among the sheep treated 

 with tobacco dip was 3 14 pounds, the highest 11 14 pounds. The lowest 

 gain among the sheep treated with lime and sulphur was 7 pounds, the 

 highest SV2 pounds. The lowest gain among the sheep treated with the 

 carbolic dip was 114 pounds, the highest 3 1-3 pounds, while one animal 

 lost % pound. The sheep were given a fourth dipping and at the end of 

 another month showed the following gains and losses over their original 

 weight at first dipping: Sheep treated with tobacco, 9 to 15 pounds gain; 

 sheep treated with lime and sulphur, ll^^ to 14 pounds gain; sheep 

 treated with carbolic dip, 1 to 61/2 pounds gain, in one case ISV^ pounds 

 lost. 



The experiment was then repeated, the lime and sulphur being used 

 on sheep previously dipped in carbolic or tobacco dips, and vice versa. 

 After ten days the sheep treated with lime and sulphur had gained from 

 2 to 3 pounds; the sheep treated with tobacco had remained stationary, or 

 had lost from 1 to l^o pounds; the sheep treated with carbolic dip had 

 gained as high as 1 pound, or remained stationary, or had lost as much 

 as 2^2 pounds. At this point circumstances intervened which closed the 

 experiments for the season. 



