Gutschet.] '^'^4 [^Nov. 17, 



ke-vano to he itei; wet, itetted. 



ke-ei.vena to he huiujry; hungry, famished. 



A'ane to drink (same root as yaAa to eat). 



sbapon (instead of shapona ?) to hide, to conceal. 



yalona to kill. 



soskuono to hear. 



This affix is evidently identical with the verb eno, enu, tcheno, which is 

 rendered by to he, to exist, but whose primitive signification is that of 

 going or coming (ena, aina). 



Further verbal formutives can be traced in: -ay a, -oya: 

 tchatcliaya to laugh, yo^oya to hunt, toyo to put into. 



in: -na, -no: 



shokna to put into, tchorno to sleep. 



This ending probably originated through the sj'ncope of verbs in -ana, 

 'Ona, -ono etc. 



The most important affix and the ninth in our series is found in all the 

 different categories of nouns (to the exclusion of verbs, probably). This is 

 the affix -n, and its occurrence in participles of the active form of verbs 

 seems to give the key to its real meaning. We have, f. i. : 



tcho;i:nf>n physician, from tcho^no to sleep, to lie in bed. 



atsojauan north wind, from atso^^aua to cool down. 



In the derivatives quoted hereafter this ending evidently has different 

 functions to fulfill : 



he-yatchon eye glass, from atche to see. 



ayon foot (from aye to move?). 



ye-ko^ton boot, from ka^a to go. 



ye-t8o;fan house, tent, from tso,t cloth, canvas. 



Kanoshan Mexican, from Kanosh Mexico. 



ta vshon morning, from tagash sun. 



But the terminals -an, -en, -in, -on, -un appear also in a considerable 

 number of nouns, whose roots, stems or their meaning are yet a mystery 

 to us {-kin, -xin forms possessive pronouns), and of which we give here a 

 short aperQU : 



Adjectives: ;taton (also: A:atana) green. 

 ta^fon warm, hot. 



Suhstantives: etch nan day. tan tail. 



nit vutan ;;aper. helepuen/ores^, tree. 



hepeian beads. bopavon /o.r. 



ya-lso;ifgan table-fork. tr6ui,von grass, etc. 



natun hill, mountain. 



Curiously enough, -en also stands at the end of the higher cardinal num- 

 bers, from fifteen upwards : 



koskua^»«, koskua-en ^/<een, sikba;f-ala-kita kita-en twenty-two. 



Tree or loood is kve, kue and the shadow of a tree is shaje-i kauvan ; 

 hepeian is beads, and ta.vuaz-loman-hcpaian is neck-cloth, neck-kerchief. 

 From this we may conclude that -n in kauvan is the sign of an oblique 



