342 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



same way as we have with butter. We do not know the chemical action 

 of rennet on the curd in cheese. No one has demonstrated what other • 

 constituents besides rennet go to make the cheese desirable. The 

 cheese industry is one of the smallest of our dairy industries. We 

 eat less cheese in the United States than any other country, perhaps 

 because of the lack of knowledge of the value of cheese as food and 

 perhaps it is because we get so much bitter cheese that we do not like 

 it. If this is true we will have to make a cheese our people will like 

 and we can thus increase the growth of our dairy work. 



On the matter of the supply ©f milk for our cities the municipal 

 authorities have taken more note themselves in regard to government 

 of this matter, and yet they are asking "Shall we pastuerize milk or 

 shall we not? Is it a good thing to pastuerize? " and no one can 

 answer whether it is or not. Of course centralizer men will say it is 

 good when pasteurized to sell, but whether or not they are putting in 

 the hands of dairymen the best implement, we do not know. We do 

 not know whether it is good for infants or invalids; we do not know 

 sufficiently about the bacteria content of that milk after pasteuriza- 

 tion, and a whole lot of those things are still unsolved problems and 

 yet they are coming before dairymen every day. It is only recently 

 that a dairyman in the South wrote to the department and wanted to 

 know what to do to deliver his milk to town sweet before ten o'clock 

 in the morning. He did not know that the sanitary conditions at the 

 farm had more to do with it than anything else. With all the knowl- 

 edge we have on this question that man had not got hold of it and yet 

 was intelligent, perhaps above the average intelligence. It shows how 

 little we appreciate what has been done not alone what we ought to 

 still do. 



The question of disease carrying properties of milk is something 

 that we do not know enough about, whether typhoid fever, scarlet 

 fever, diptheria and other contagious diseases are carried by milk or 

 not. Doctors disagree on that, — many claim it is carried and others 

 claim it is not. 



The question of infection of milk from tuberculous animals is one 

 of vast importance. Tlie infection of milk that goes back on the farm 

 from our creameries, whether or not it will infect other animals on 

 the farm. It is becoming more and more important to know whether 

 milk produced by tubercular animals will transmit this disease to 

 humans. No one has actually demonstrated this matter and you can 

 see the importance of it. 



Taking up the educational features wo get along with the experi- 

 mental, as 1 have already stated there are very many educational 

 features that are of potent influence in the field and yet are not doing 

 what they should, altogether. Meetings of this kind are one of the 

 great educational bodies that help to scatter the dairy information 

 given here all over Iowa and other states by taking up the question 

 of bringing education direct to the people who need it. Iowa has two 

 inspectors and should have ten times that many. Other states are 

 being provided with good inspectors in the field for instructing the 



