SIXTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK — PART V. 373 



men to do more dairying instead of less, because It will be found that 

 the future industry of the state under those conditions and conditions 

 which must prevail in the future, will be a better paying feature of our 

 agriculture than any other part of it. I believe that the high priced 

 lands, the high priced products and high priced labor are going to make 

 it necessary to devote a larger part of the energy of Iowa agriculturists 

 to dairying. 



I have frequently made the statement, and I have made it sometimes 

 where it was discredited in this state, that under present conditions pre- 

 vailing in this state and other states similarly situated in the Mississippi 

 valley, that it will no longer pay to keep the ordinary grade cow for the 

 calf she will produce. Men engaged in the beef industry are more im- 

 pressed with this fact today; they are convinced of it now and, unless 

 they have been raising pure bred herds that have an additional value on 

 account of their breeding, these men who have been keeping those cattle 

 for beef production in the state alone are going to be driven to develop 

 the dairy qualities of their cattle or change their stock, or they are going 

 to be driven to leave someone else produce the breeding cattle and buy 

 the breeders and quit raising them here. I do not believe we are going 

 to quit raising cattle in this state. It is very gratifying to know that we 

 have bumper crops in this state this year, that we have an enormous corn 

 crop, that all the crops in this state are almost unprecedented, making it 

 altogether the most valuable crop the state has ever produced; but it is 

 more important to know what is going to be done with them. It is more 

 important to convert this product of the farms of Iowa into the form of 

 the highest selling value than it is simply to raise it. We have always 

 raised too much corn and too much agricultural products of other kinds 

 to ship out of the state in the form of raw material, and the strength 

 of Iowa agriculture today lies in the fact that she consumes on the 

 farms of the sta,te a larger portion of her products and converts them 

 into finished products than any other state in the Union. No other state 

 in the Union approaches Iowa in the amount of her coarse products 

 that she converts into finished materials on the farm. 



Those conditions will necessarily change the method of Iowa agricul- 

 ture and we shall be obliged to give more attention to the dairy phase of 

 agriculture than we have before, and in connection with that it is highly 

 important that we study the matter of dairy ancestry and the capacity of 

 our dairy stock and even learn more that we may make the most of the 

 stock that we have. It is easier to produce beef animals than dairy ani- 

 mals; it is easier to produce a draft horse of a high degree of excellence 

 than a blooded horse of the highest type; those characteristics which 

 belong to beef animals and draft horses being substance, size and flesh, 

 are transmitted with a greater degree of uniformity than the animals 

 that are measured by quality such as vital force and nervous energy 

 that go to measure the dairy cows or the value of a highly bred horse. 

 It is easier not only to produce them but it is easier to feed them. 

 They have not the nervous temperment, they have not that highly intensi- 

 fied nervous force, but notwithstanding the fact of that it is easier to 

 produce them. Of this type, the animal that pays the best is the one that 



