'604 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Table III makes a remarkable showing for skim-milk. With calves 

 worth only $3 per hundredweight, skim-milk is worth nearly 20 cents 

 per hundredweight; with calves at $4 per hundredweight, it is worth 

 ■30 cents; and at $5 per hundredweight, over 40 cents. 



On account of its superior feeding value, skim-milk should be handled 

 and fed with consideraole care. Where milk is delivered to a creamery 

 or skimming station, it is a frequent practice to sterilize it by heating to 

 .a high temperature, which process destroys the germs. This is to be 

 highly commended, but some care must be exercised in handling thiu 

 iieated milk. Too frequently a can of skim-milk is brought home and 

 set in a tub of cold water, with the expectation of cooling down suffi- 

 ciently to keep from souring. The result is, that the heated milk 

 heats up the water, and the water cools the milk, and both become in 

 what is known as a lukewarm condition, which furnishes ideal con- 

 ditions for the development of the souring germs. If hot milk is set 

 in cold water, it should be running water; at least, the water should 

 be changed and the milk stirred sufficiently to cool the latter. By far 

 the best plan is to run the milk over the cooler and then set the cool 

 milk in cold water to keep it cool. Skim-milk treated in this way has 

 been kept from Saturday noon until Monday morning in good condition 

 during the hottest weather of July and August. 



SOME PROFITABLE BABY BEEF. 



.T. w. RATCLiFF, of Fouutaiu County, Illinois in Breeders' Gazette. 



As to the car of calves I had on the Chicago market a few weeks ago 

 there were 15 of them in the bunch. Their average age was 12 to 13 

 months and the average weight 733 pounds in Chicago. They were on 

 full feed all their lives as I commenced feeding them while they were 

 yet sucking the cows and they never knew what it was to be hungry. 

 They were fed shelled corn and oats equal parts unground up to the time 

 new corn would do to feed last fall; then they had new corn till shipment 

 was made. Of course they had good pasture, very good, and plenty of 

 water. 



As to the gains this load made I do not know as thoy were never on 

 the scales till they reached Chicago, although I know they were satisfac- 

 tory to me. As to the kinds of foods I like best, there is nothing better 

 than good corn, good oats, good pasture and plenty of water. If a man 

 will treat his stock right and keep it growing right from the start he will 

 have no use for any of the stock foods that floods the markets. 



These calves wore not dehorned and were a cross between the Aber- 

 deen-Angus and the Short-horn. The type of steer I like best for feed- 

 ing is the short-legged low-down blocky kind. I have been raising and 



