520 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



100 pounds we only can deal with nine and one-half pounds of feed. 

 These feeds are all valued according to the protein they contain and 

 have their greatest value in winter. Skim milk contains three and one- 

 half pounds of this substance per 100 pounds while tankage contains sixty 

 pounds; nearly a ton of skim milk or butter milk would be required 

 to furnish as much as 100 pounds of tankage contains. 



THE AMOUNT OF PROTEIN IN SKIM MILK OF THE STATE. 



We learn there is made per anhum, in the state, about 100,000,000 

 pounds of butter. We will say that each 100 pounds of milk makes about 

 four pounds of butter, and we have learned that, after cream is taken 

 away, each 100 pounds of milk contains say three pounds of protein. 

 This, you will see, would give us 75,000,000 pounds of protein. You will 

 agree with me that the calves get about half of this amount, leaving, to 

 be liberal, 40,000,000 pounds for the hogs. How many hogs in the state? 

 There are about 8,000,000 on hand I learn each year on January 1, in the 

 state, as many, that come in the spring, are turned off in the fall. You 

 will agree with me there are say 10,000,000 produced each year, leaving 

 only four pounds of protein for each hog per annum from this source. 

 Yet, the reliable authorities tell you that each hog needs six-tenths of a 

 pound of protein per day, nearly 200 pounds per annum. Still, from the 

 skim milk source he can secure on an average only four pounds or 2 per 

 cent of his needs. You now agree with me that in hog feeding what is 

 most needed is to learn where and how to secure the balanced ration at 

 lowest cost; that is, where the other 98 per cent of protein, which is not 

 found in the skim milk of the state, is to come from. You have seen 

 how eager are those engaged in promoting gathered cream to have you 

 leed the hogs their way, which is correct for 2 per cent of the hogs; now 

 can you not see that, if there could be the same effort to teach in your 

 behalf in securing a correct feed at lowest cost for the other 98' per cent, 

 there might easily be saved to the farmers of the state in hog feeding 

 alone $40,000,000 to $50,000,000 over the method they so persistently teach. 

 All that is lacking is a proper incentive to teach it. 



Skim milk in common with these other feeds, rich in protein, has a 

 fluctuating value. The object is to always use a balanced ration and 

 then to secure it a lowest cost. As corn is cheapest feed in winter, the 

 point is to use feed in the combination that will enable the feeder to 

 use the most corn. Hence, skim milk and its kindred feeds have a good 

 value in winter, for they enable you to use more corn. But, for feeding 

 during the pasture season, all is changed. Why? Because, after the 

 shoat weighs say forty pounds, the pasture contains more protein than he 

 needs and is also the cheaper feed. So, the point is to use as much 

 pasture as possible because it is cheaper and at the same time have a 

 balanced feed, and by supplying about one-third of his requirements with 

 corn, you leave your happy and willing servant to gather the remaining 

 two-thirds which makes the proposition profitable, from rye, rape, clover, 

 alfalfa, or other pastures. There are multiplied thousands among the 

 best farmers of the state, that have, after this method since May 1 to 

 this date with sixty cent corn and pasture produced pork at one-half 



