NINETEENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART VIII 461 



During this history of this department three outbreaks have 

 occurred in Iowa. The first one in Van Buren county in the year 

 1903. The second outbreak occurred in Taylor county in 1911, 

 and the third in Carroll county in 1915. The origin of each out- 

 break was due to the importation of stalHons from Europe. There 

 was never any connection traced between the outbreaks. 



FORAGE POISONING. 



Forage poisoning is a convenient term applied to various toxic 

 conditions resulting from the use of improper feed. In some in- 

 stances the causative agent seems to be chemical in nature. In 

 others toxins or ptomaines seem responsible for the condition, 

 while again the condition may be due to micro-organisms, patho- 

 genic in character. The condition commonly called "corn-stalk 

 disease," comes under this heading. Owing to the fact that little 

 is known of the nature of the so-called "forage poisoning," the 

 only remedy at hand is change of feed or pasturage. In some in- 

 stances a certain pasture or stock field which proves injurious 

 early in the season may become safe later, due possibly to changes 

 of climatic conditions, including frost. There should be continued 

 research until the true nature of this disease or condition is 

 discovered. 



GLANDERS. 



Glanders we are glad to report is not known to exist in the 

 state of Iowa at this time. It was feared that the extensive move- 

 ment of horses for war purposes would tend to spread the infec- 

 tion throughout the states. We are glad to state that such has 

 not been the case, at least so far as Iowa is concerned. 



HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMA. 



Hemorrhagic Septicemia is a specific infection due to the pres- 

 ence of the bi-polar organism, which exists in the soil of certain 

 fields and sections of the state. We have this disease in horses, 

 cattle, sheep and swine. This disease was formerly classed as 

 "forage poisoning." Vaccines are now available for the treat- 

 ment of this disease in the different species, the prompt use of 

 which prevents extensive losses. 



NECRO-BACILLOSIS. 



Necro-bacillosis is a condition or disease found in cattle, sheep 

 and swine resulting in the infection of the animal bv the bacillus- 



