Part 11: Insurance and Thrift 



ITALY. 



THE TUSCAN FEDERATION FOR THE MUTUAL INSURANCE 

 OF LIVE STOCK AND ITS FIRvST RESULTS. 



SOURCE : 



Paci (C): I,a Fe lerazione Toscana. dellcyiuiut Besiiamt {The Tuscan Fedi-mtion of Mutual 

 Live Slock Societies). Report of ist 3-ear of business (i July iyi6 to 30 June 1017) 

 Ufficio Toscano della Mutualita Agraria. l^lorence, 191 7. 



§ I. Aims and regui^atiox of the federation. 



On 16 June 1916 this /federation, the Federazione Tvscana delle MuHie 

 Bestiame, was constituted on the initiative of the Ufficio Toscano della Mu- 

 tualita Agraria, or Tuscan Office of Agricultural Mutuality, with a reinsured 

 capital of 65^,063 liras. 



The aims of this new institution, which has happily survived its first 

 year of busiress, are : i) the union in a single body of local mutual live stock 

 societies, v/ithout distinction of faith or politics ; 2) the promotion, by ad- 

 vice and help, of the constitution of new societies for the mutual insurance of 

 live stock and the perfection of their technique and administration ; 3) 

 the stirnulation, standardization and co-ordination of the work of local mu- 

 tual societies in improving zootechnical production and providing prophy- 

 lactics ; 4) the defence of the mutual federated societies against unjust 

 fiscal taxation ; 5) their partial indemnification for losses due to mortality'' 

 among live stock. 



It must be remembered that in Italy the federative movement in the 

 field of the mutual insurance of live stock is still in its initial stage ; and 

 exemplified only in the Federazione Provinciate delle Midue Bestiame di Mi- 

 lano (Provincial Federation of Mutual Live Stock Societies of Milan) which 

 arose in 1906 owing to the initiati\'e of the Ufficio Agrario della Societd 

 Umanitaria (Agricultural Office of the Humanitarian Society), and which in 

 1912 included sixteen federated mutual societes and had a reinsured capital 

 of 170,400 liras. 



To the Provincial Federation of Milan, which was dissolved in 1914 for 

 reasons independent of its perfect organization, belongs the credit of 

 having first in Italy faced and solved the difficult problem of the reinsur- 

 ance of live stock, and of having left a large heritage of data and expe- 



