242 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



one. I say inspection and instruction, because I believe before you can in- 

 struct a man you must know where he stands; in order to find out the neces- 

 sity of a creamery you must inspect it before giving any instruction. There- 

 fore we think inspection and instruction should come from the same source. 



There is a divided sentiment as to where these instructors and inspectors 

 should be placed. We think they should be placed under the dairy and 

 food commission in preference to the dairy school, in order that the dairy 

 and food commission may supply them with the needed police power to back 

 up their instructions, police power to compel those people to do what we 

 want them to. We were fortunate this year in having been successful in the 

 late political campaign and our governor has recommended certain things 

 which we hope to have adopted in laws, and we expect a large increase in 

 our number of inspectors, possibly fifteen, and we want every factory in 

 the State inspected as many times as possible. 



These instructors must be competent men, because instruction or inspec- 

 tion, in order to be what it should be, must be done by competent persons. 

 In order to keep this out of politics, the evils of which you all know, re- 

 quires some little thought in regard to rhe appointing power, and we feel it 

 better than to leave it to the judgment of any person that we have civil ser- 

 vice examination for these inspectors and instructors. 



The benefits of instruction are many. We look at the men in Minnesota 

 who have carried off so many prizes during the last few years, and we feel 

 it is largely due to the work the inspectors have done. We may be wrong 

 in this, but we do not consider that Minnesota or Iowa has better natural 

 advantages or better buttermakers than Wisconsin, but we do think this in- 

 spection of factories, the fact of the inspection backed up by what the but- 

 termaker has suggested to his patrons, has accomplished great results, and 

 we think so much of it that we intend to copy it. 



It has been suggested by some people that a license would be a good 

 thing; that it would help matters; that it would raise the standard, and that 

 may be so, but I do not think, in Wisconsin, we are prepared for that at the 

 present time. I think it is a matter of education. We must educate our- 

 selves and public sentiment up to the point where we can demand that. At 

 the Wisconsin Cheesemakers' meeting, held in December, we had this mat- 

 ter up for discussion and, while a number of people, among them Governor 

 Hoard, came there with the intention of upholding the licensing idea, they 

 went away if not entirely convinced, nearly so, that the license system 

 would not be best at this time. If you license a factory or oper-itor what 

 are you going to do? Are you going to grant everyone in the business a 

 license and then go on and inspect and find out whether he is worthy to 

 retain it? Or are you going to make him pass inspection and examination 

 before you grant it? And the great number of operators now at work, if 

 they refuse to take any license or can not pass examination, can you force 

 them out of business? No man can be deprived of life, liberty or property 

 without due process of law. If I were in business, and for some reason I 

 was not able to secure a license, or unable to pass the examination, do you 

 suppose I would calmly submit to revocation of my permit to continue busi- 

 ness? destroy my property, or take it away from me? No, sir. I would 

 carry this thing to the courts, and anyone that has had any business with 

 the courts would know what that would mean. 



