272 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Professor Smith: Now remember I am speaking about 

 special dairying, to go into the business for making butter. We 

 use Holsteins, Jerseys or Guernseys, because we find in those 

 breeds more cows that make a given quantity of butter from a 

 given quantity of feed; but we select those cows. We under- 

 stand that there are just as poor cows among the Jerseys as 

 anywhere on earth; just as poor among the Holsteins, but hav- 

 ing once gotten good cows we raise our own future herd. If 

 you can get good milking Shorthorns out here stick to them. 



Member : The professor stated they were not succeeding with 

 alfalfa. I would like to ask what became of the Turkestan you 

 experienced with a few years ago. 



Professor Smith : The Turkestan variety does not do as 

 well with us as did the Grimm or Colorado alfalfa. The Turk- 

 estan alfalfa does not do well with us and it will not with you, 

 not nearly as well as the alfalfa will from Colorado, or North 

 American seed. Do not get the European seed. Send to Dr. 

 Moore, at Washington, to your own experiment station and get 

 the proper material for inoculating that seed. Don't sow any 

 alfalfa without that. Field after field of alfalfa that I have ex- 

 amined that turned yellow, when I came to look at the roots 

 there were no nubbins on them. 



Member: Clipping alfalfa would save the crop. 



Professor Smith: No, we always clip alfalfa two or three 

 times. We have some stands of alfalfa that are doing first rate. 

 I remember one field that has given us ten tons of good alfalfa 

 hay the last two years. That is five tons a year; but the trouble 

 is I remember a half dozen other fields that are total failures. 

 It is still in the experimental stage. 



The President : Those who were at the opera house last 

 evening were honored by the presence of Mr. Lumbard, who 

 promised to be here again this evening and favor us with a song. 



Vocal selection "I Fear No Foe" was rendered by Mr. Jules 

 Lumbard, who responded to an encore, entitled "Maggie." 



The President : The next on the programme is a man who 

 needs no introduction to this audience, a man who has probably 

 done as much, if not more than any man in the State in the up- 

 building of the dairy industry in the State. I have the pleasure 

 of announcing to you that the next subject on the programme is 

 "Qualifications of a Good Buttermaker," by Professor McKay, 

 of Ames. 



