282 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



do at these meetings is to come before you, explain what has been done dur- 

 ing the year and make a report to you of the finances and the possible work 

 that is to be done during the coming year. 



The National Dairy Union supports an office in Chicago three hundred 

 and sixty-five days in the year. It is an office well known now to the dairy- 

 men of the United States, where every man interested can direct communi- 

 cations and make inquiries, and send information. There is work done 

 there every day; there are letters being written, a stenographer busy every 

 minute of the day sending out letters, sending out circulars and answering 

 communications; there is a bookkeeper who has over three thousand 

 accounts to look after of contributors and agents of the National Dairy 

 Union all over the United States who are contributing and have contributed, 

 or who have our property in the shape of books to sell. 



The President of the National Dairy Union has made it a point to attend 

 every meeting that he possibly can of the dairymen in all of the states, in 

 order that the interest in the organization and the interest in this protection 

 of dairy interests may be laid before them, that they may understand it. For 

 instance, he has iust come from North Dakota, where he had been to lay 

 the National Dairy Union work before the dairymen of that far north State. 

 The State of North Dakota has just as much representation in the United 

 States Senate as has the State of Iowa. The votes of the United States Sen- 

 ators in that State are just as necessary to us in Congress, or in the Senate, 

 as the votes of the Iowa congressmen. The only way we can get and keep 

 the votes of those senators through the different states is to have an interest 

 in the State back of those senators, an interest that will tell its senators 

 which way it wants them to vote. You can not fool a United States Sen- 

 ator; you can not fool a congressman; you can not make him vote for a 

 bill unless he knows his people want it, and you can not make them want it 

 unless they know and understand it themselves and tell him plainly that 

 they know what they want and make him understand it in a way he knows 

 they will not accept any excuse. 



It has been the secret of the success of the National Dairy Union that it 

 has done its work among the people. It has sent out millions of pieces of 

 literature and educated the farmers as to what was done, what ought to be 

 done and what was to be done. We have sent from the office as many as 

 forty-five thousand letters, under two cent stamps, in one week to the lead- 

 ing dairymen all over the United States. 



The National Dairy Union has been in existence now for ten years. It 

 was organized in Chicago in 1894. I was elected secretary of the organiza- 

 tion in 1897, and I have therefore held this office for eight years. Since I 

 have been secretary of the organization, we had first the filled cheese law 

 passed, a laA^ which has absolutely killed the manufacture and sale of 

 oleomargarine cheese, because filled cheese is just the same to the cheese 

 trade as oleomargarine is to the butter trade. Filled cheese is made by the 

 use of skimmed milk from which the butter fat has been extracted, and 

 which has been "filled," as they call it, with leaf lard. That threatened 

 the whole cheese industry when the National Dairy Union took this matter 

 up in 1896. The law was passed in 1896 or 1897, I have forgotten which, 



