FIBTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK — PART IV. 311 



into relationship that must exist between railroads and shippers. The great 

 essential laws, not alone the mechanical laws and physical laws upon which 

 all these problems are based, but the great essential laws of justice. 



It takes a larger manhood to take the advance in this world. We are at 

 the point where we have been giving our attention to all these things; we 

 have been making rapid progress and we are getting so we can increase the 

 products of the farm and sell them, we have mastered the conditions instead 

 of allowing them to master us, and now the knowledge comes to you and 

 me and every citizen of this land and says this: We are wealthy. The 

 products of the prairies, the products of the hills, of the towns and of our 

 industries are sufficient for a strong and beautiful civilization. There must 

 then be manhood enough and courage enough and justice enough in this 

 land to make the distribution of these products, not by an arbitrary mode, 

 but according to merit, according to our own integrity, so that poverty shall 

 be eliminated from our land as far as possible, that there should be justice or, 

 as someone else has said "A square deal for every man," and in order to 

 have that worked out in our civilization we have to turn our attention to it. 



While we shall progress still further in methods of production, yet with 

 that there is the demand for that manhood and citizenship that will take a 

 broad view of our relationship, that will consider the greatest good for the 

 greatest number, and will realize that in this production there must be cer- 

 tain methods of distribution; there must be perhaps new ideas concerning 

 the relationship of man to man. 



We can show you, for example, the progress of our inventions. • We can 

 show you that we have been moving forward from the use of the lever and 

 the crudest steam engitie, to the giant locomotive; we are using that power 

 for the use of our street railways, for pushing our cars, tnat wonderful force 

 that we call electricity, and all this requires more and more delicate machin- 

 ery. And so we find, as we go into the mechanical world, that the 

 machinery is far more delicate, our engines are more complicated; the 

 machinery on our best steamships is more delicate and more powerful, and 

 it requires a greater mind, a more educated man to run- these things. A 

 man with more brains and power. Everywhere there is a call for a larger 

 manhood. 



A young man has recently written a book, and in this book he states that in 

 our land today there are ten million people who are in poverty. He means 

 by that that there are ten millions, some of whom have not enough for their 

 maintenance, and the rest he makes up from the people who are laboring 

 simply to get enotigh to exist. They have no margin for the finer things of 

 life; they are on what we might call on the very verge of starvation, though 

 not starving. 



We can not remedy all these things at once, and we may not be able to 

 remedy them all in time, but it is well for us as men to think of these things. 

 It is well to look back in the early days and see how this progress was made. 

 We find in the early days that man had to use all his time to get something 

 to eat. Bye and bye he began to exert his mastery over the animals; then 

 he began to cultivate the soil and he found that it made such returns in food 

 that he was not obliged to give all his time, to devote his entire attention to 

 getting food, and then he began to invent things that meant further pro- 

 gress in our civilization. 



