CEREAI.S AND PUI,SE CROPS 969 



Dunlap itself which has long been the most widely grown northern va- 

 riety, originated with Rev. J. R. Reasoxer, of Urban, 111. in 1890, but 

 was not introduced to the trade until 1900. It was the result of definite 

 breeding. 



The variety lOondike, which makes up probably nine-tenths of the 

 area planted in the southern States, was produced as long ago as 1895 b}- 

 Robert Cloud of Louisiana, as a result of a carefully planned cross. 



The ease with which results are got appears to be the principal reason 

 why plant breeding has been so much more widespread with the straw- 

 berry than with any other fruit. Crosses are easily made, seedlings are 

 easily grown, and they multiply so rapidly by runners that a large stock can 

 be obtained in a very^ short time. 



749 - Sowing and Transplanting Rice on the "Dapog" Method, peculiar to some parts cereals 



of the Philippines. — Apostol Silverio, in The Philippine 'Agricultural Review, vnd pulse 



Vol. VIII, No. 2, pp. 9S-102. Manila, 1915. crops 



The practice of growing 2 rice crops per j^ear is of old standing in those 

 parts of the Philippines where sufficient water for irrigation is always avail- 

 able. As soon as the first crop is taken off, the land is prepared for the second. 

 The earliest irrigated rices are used, with the twofold object of cropping 

 before the rain}^ season has fuUy set in, and allowing the necessary time for 

 tillage for the main crop. Direct broadcast sowing (by hand) is the only one 

 used for the second crop wherever it is grown in the Philippines (provinces 

 of Tarlac, Pampagna and Laguna), except in the communes of Calanan and 

 a small part of that of Bay (Laguna), where the special methcd of sowing 

 and transplanting called " dapog " is in use. This methcd allows the plant- 

 lets to be transplanted without breaking them, at a younger age than with 

 ordinary seedlings. Earliness is of prime importance for the dry season crop. 

 It is therefore necessary to transplant young plants, their age having a di- 

 rect influence on the period of ripening of the rice. The crop ripens later 

 in proportion as the age of the transplanted plants is more advanced. A dif- 

 ference of 23 days even has been found in the time of ripening between rice 

 transplanted on the " dapog " method and that transplanted en the ord- 

 inary^ method. 



For the " dapog " method the seedling plot requires neither special 

 soil nor special tillage. It is tilled with the rest of the rice field. It must, 

 however, He near the water channel, so that the water should have no time 

 to get hot, during the hours of great heat, and scald or otherwise injure the 

 germinating seeds. 



Sowing on the " dapog " method requires 1.3 to 2.6 gallons of seed more 

 per acre than on the ordinary method. The seed, put into a coarse canvas 

 bag, is immersed in water (preferably slow moving water) for 24 to 36 hours, 

 then spread out in the shade. 36 hours later, or when at least 75 % of 

 the grains show signs of germination, the seed is put down in a seed plot 

 prepared as follows : 



The seed plol ;irea, after irrigation, drying, ploughing and harrowing, 

 i harrowed again on the day of sowing. When the soil is levelled and the 

 ^ilt settled, the water is nm off, the soil is covered with whole banana 



