INSECTS ETC., INJURIOUS TO VARIOUS CROPS 138^ 



lopnient good results may be obtained ; 3) t;sing kerosene torches against 

 adults ; a bundle of branches fixed to the end of a rod is dipped in kerosene 

 and lit ; by rapidly moving the flame round and among the plants the insects 

 are imm.ediately killed, but care and some skill are required to carr\- out 

 this operation without burning the leaves or the fruits ; 4) resort may be 

 had to the use of light traps ; good results were obtained \Yith them in sever- 

 al localities, but the method however is too expensive and complicated 

 to become a customary practice on a farm. 



1030 - Unspotted Tentiform Apple Leaf Miner (Ornfx geminatella), a Micro- 

 lepidopterous Pest of several Fruit Rosaceae in America. — iiasemanIv., in jourmiof 



Agricultural Research, Xo\. XI, No. 8, pp. 289-295, PI. XXXIII. Washington, D. C, 1916. 



Ornix geminatella Pack, has been extremely abundant in Missouri of 

 late years, and has attracted the attention of fruit growers throughout the 

 State. The insect lays its eggs on the leaves of several Rosaceae, and the 

 larvae hatched from them bore tunnels in the thickness of the leaves, damag- 

 ing them to a lesser or greater extent. 



Among the hosts of Ornix the writer enumerates the following : apple 

 tree, crab-apple {Malus sp.), Crataegus spp.. Primus spp., Pyrus spp. 



As regards its distribution, 0. geminatella has been reported in the fol- 

 lowing localities ; New England, New York, Ithaca, (N. Y.), Illinois, Colorado, 

 Kentucky, Michigan, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Ohio, etc. 



The natural enemies of this microlepidopteron are recorded so tar as : 

 Sympiesis nigri femora Ash., 5. tischerae Ash., S. fnef eor i Giranlt, Eulophus 

 lineaticoxa Girault, 5. dolichogaster Ash., 5. minntus Howard and S. litho- 

 colletidis Howard. 



105 1 - Woolly Pear Aphis (£r/oso/wa pyricola n. sp.). Injurious to the Pear Tree 



in California. — B.\ker a. C. and Davidson W. M., in Journal of Agricultural Reseaich, 

 Vol. VI, No. 10, pp. 351-360, Fig. I. Washington, D. C, 1916. 



The writers describe as a new species, under the name of Eriosoma pyri- 

 cola an aphis hitherto believed to be E. lanigertim. Hausmann (= Schizo- 

 neura lanigera Hartig) or " woolly apple-aphis ". This new species attacks 

 the root s3'Stem of all kinds of pear trees in California, and particularly in- 

 jures the French wild pear tree so commonly employed as stock, especially 

 for the Bartlett varieties. The Kieffer, and above all the Japanese t3'pes, on 

 the other hand, are highly resistant. The wingless form of this aphis usually 

 lives on the fibrous radicles, down to a depth of a yard in the ground, and 

 the colonies are generally more numerous in the vicinit}^ of the trunk, al- 

 though frequently met with even at 3 or 4 yards' distance. This Eriosoma 

 does not confine itself to attacking the young roots, but also, though more 

 rarely, attacks the completely formed roots, and sometimes even the main 

 roots. In this latter case, however, it is localised in the hardened tissues 

 developing in consequence of an abrasion. Colonies of this aphis can even 

 live on the underground part of tender aixl swollen shoots. It is not like E. 

 lanigentm, which produces tuberous excrescences and lesions on the largest 

 roots of the apple tree ; it prefers the rootlets, and destroys them without 

 causing the appearance of any special hypertrophy. Adult trees have little 



