1390 INSECTS ETC., INJURIOUS TO VARIOUS CROPS 



less both owing to this fact and to the abundant growth of fungi, which 

 find an excellent medium in this honey-dew. 



The natural enemies of Enlecanium may be divided into two groups : 

 a) the predatory enemies, which prey on the j'oung stages or adult insects ; 

 h) parasites. 



Among the predatory enemies are : lace- wing fly {Chrysopa nigricornis 

 Burm.); Hemerobius stigmatenis Fitch. ; Laetilia coccidivora Comst. ; Campto- 

 hrochis nehulosus Uhl, ; and Hyperai,pis hinotata Say. 



Among the parasites are Coccophagus ater How. ; C. cognahis How. ; 

 C. lecanii Fitch. ; c. cinguliventris Gir. ; C. longifasciatus How. ; C. flavo- 

 scutellum Ashm; C. jraternus How.; A phycii s annuli pes Ash. ; A johnsonii 

 How.: A. stomachosus Gh.;Anagynis niihilipennis Gir.; Eimotits lividis, 

 Ashm ; Pachyneuron altiscuta How. ; Prospalia aurantii How. ; Chilonetirus 

 alhicornis How. ; Blastothrix sericea Dalm. and Comys ftisca How. 



As artificial means of control, it is advised to apply : i) in the spring, 

 before the buds open, the following mixture : 



Raw linseed oil 5 gallons. 



Gasoline 3 " 



Soap .... 2 pounds 



Water 92 g?llon.= 



2) after the trees are in full foliage, and before the Eidecaniwn mi- 

 grates leaf ward, apply the following : 



Flour (in paste) 10 pounds 



Stone lyime 13 



Sulphur 20 



Water to make 30 gallons 



1054 - Anastrepha serpentina, a Dipteron Injurious to Several Fruit Plants 



in Brazil (i). — Da Costa I,ima A.,in Bolctim do Ministcrio de Agricitltura, Industria 

 e Comincrcio, Year IV, No. 3, pp 99-104. i PI. Rio de Janeiro, 1916. 



In Brazil, Anastrepha serpentina Wied (" mosca de frutas ") injures the 

 fruit of the following plants : Mammea americana ly. (" abricoteiro do Para "), 

 Luciima Caimito A. D. C. (" abieiro "), Mimiisops coriacea Miq. (" abrico- 

 teiro ") and Sapota achras Mill. (" sapoteiro "). 



The female bores a hole in the pericarp and deposits its eggs therein, 

 as many as twenty at a time ; the larvae, which hatch within 3 or 4 days, 

 feed on the pulp, in which they tunnel, often causing the fall of the fruit. 



Means of control : i) gathering and destroying the damaged fruit ; 

 2) spraying with sweetened arsenical solutions (for instance : raw sugar, 2.5 

 lbs.; lead arsenate 30Z.; water, 4 galls.) ; the applications must be made everj- 

 15 da3'S ; 3) vessels containing poisoned attractive substances (for instance, 

 sugared water and ar.senic salts), which are suspended to the branches of 

 the fruit plants attacked. 



1055 - Gravepine Flea Beetle {Haltica chalybea), a Coleopterous Pest of Vitis 

 rotundifolia and V. Munsoniana (Muscadine grapes) in the United States 



of America.— .See No. <)^7 of this Bullciin. 



(i) See B. April 1013, No. 434. (t''-) 



