II08 CKRKAT.S 



12) and 13) Hybrids 123 and 108, originating from a cross between 

 Jones Winter Fife and Ivittle Club ; 



14) and 15) Hybrids 150 and 63, Cross Turkey Red x lyittle Club; 

 the latter, highly resistant to drought, is rapidly increasing in popularity as 

 a winter wheat ; 



16-19) Red Allen, White Elliot, Sonora and Jenkins Club, spring 

 wheats not much grown, of no great value. 



The above winter wheats, cultivated at the Pullman Station of scientific 

 agriculture in 191 1, 1912 and 1914, yielded as an average of the three crops 

 from 35.1 bushels (Hybrid 108) to 43.8 bushels per acre (Hybrid 128). Tri- 

 plet, cultivated only in 1914, gave 53.9 bushels per acre. If the average 

 unit crop produced in a field be taken as 100 for all the wheats tested (with the 

 exception of Triplet), Hybrid 128 gives 105 ; Winter Bluestem 104 ; Hybrid 

 60, 102 ; Red Russian and Ivittle Club loi ; the minimum crops were : Forty 

 Fold 89 and Hybrid 108, 84. The percentages differ somewhat, but generally 

 the order of merit remains the same if the results obtained on small test 

 plots are considered. In both instances, Hybrid 108 ranked last. 



The analyses of wheats grown on plots in 1914 under uniform condi- 

 tions gave the results set out in the accompanying table. The last column 

 was calculated in the following way : taking the value of the average of 

 each of the vertical columns as equal to 100, the percentage of flour, gluten 

 and nitrogen was recalculated for each variet}', and it was assumed that the 

 average of these three percentages represents the percentage which exj^resses 

 the quality value. 



860 - Injuries to Rye and Wheat Grain produced by Threshing, and their Consequences. 



— •Wallden J.N., in Sverii^es Utsadffuirnini^s Tidskrifi, XXVIth Year, Part i, pp. 24-47, 

 8 tables, 2 figs. Malmii, 1916. 



Experiments carried out by the writer prove that the injury caused 

 to grain by threshing, even if very slight, reduces the vitality of the grain, 

 rendering it very sensitive to the action of copper sulphate used for seed 

 disinfection. This sensitiveness is foimd especially in grain put through 

 ordinary threshing machines. It decreases on the other hi nd when a small 

 special threshing machine is used, as at Svalof, and it completely disappears 

 in grains husked by hand. In the latter case, the germination capacity 

 of the grains is not even affected by the use of 10-25 % solutions of copper 

 sulphate. 



By means of a new method, of which a descrijrtion is given later, 

 it was possible to ascertain accuratel}^ the location and extent of the in- 

 juries in a very large number of grains of different origins. The grain is thus 

 divided into 3 classes : (a) grain without injury; {b) with light injury ; (c) 

 with severe injury. The sensitiveness of the grain in relation to formalin 

 and copper sulphate varies considerably for the 3 categories, as may be 

 seen from Table I. 



The injuries produced by threshing also considerably affect the keeping 

 properties of the grain, particularly when the latter has a large content of 

 water and is exposed to high temperatures. Thtis, for recently cropped 



