1458 PLANTS YIELDING OILS, DYES, TANT>fINS, ETC. 



as might be expected, dyes very fast shades on both wool and cotton. The 

 best results on cotton are obtained bj- using the Turkey Red process. 



(10). CuTCH or Katha [Acacia catechu). — The catechu tree is found 

 in several parts of India. Catechu may be applied to all fibres, though it 

 is most largely used for dyeing cotton. Catechu brown is one of the fastest 

 colours known. 



(11) Patang or Sappan Wood. [Coesaiptnia sappan). — This tree 

 is said to grow abundantly in Cuttack and in Central India. The colouring 

 principle hrazilein exists in a colourless condition in the freshly cut wood 

 and is by oxidation converted into the true colouring matter hrazilein. Pa- 

 tang is a valuable colour-yielding material. It can be used for producing 

 brilliant shades of red, crimson, and purple and is very suitable for calico- 

 printing. 



(12) TyAC Dye. — This substance is of animal origin. 



I,ac dye is manufactured largely in the North Western Provinces, 

 though like other natural products it has lost much of its former importance. 

 lyac dye is dyed on wool ; chiefly on tin mordant. It yields beautiful 

 scarlet and crimson shades. 



(13) Indigo. — The use and importance of Indigo are too well 

 known to need any comment. 



(14) Kachnar [Bauhinia racemosa) . — This is a shrub very common in 

 the North Western Provinces. The bark yields a red dye which is largely 

 associated with tannin. The dye is not very bright but nevertheless it may 

 be employed for dyeing dull reds on cotton. It may be dyed on cotton 

 without the help of any mordant. The bark can be had in any quantity 

 and may be of service to tent manufacturers who require a dull red 

 colour for the inside of tents. 



(15) Peepul [Ficus 1 eltgiosa) . — The roots of this well-known plant 

 were examined and found to contain a red dye which gives a good pink on 

 cotton mordanted with alumina. The shade so obtained is fairly fast. 



(i6j Red Sanderswood (Pterocarpus santalinus) . — This is a small 

 tree occuring in Southern India. ' The wood yields a valuable red dye call- 

 ed santalin. 



Sanderswood dyes wool without any mordant. Very good shades of 

 satisfactory fastness are obtained on cotton, on tin and alumina mordants. 

 The dye does not dissolve in water though it is freely soluble in alcohol 

 and acetic acid. 



(17) RoLi or Ka-MEla Powder [Mallotus philippinensis) . This 

 dye is obtained from a small tree found along the foot of the Himalayas 

 and in Southern India. The fruits have red glands on the surface of the 

 capsule and the powder is obtained by crushing or breaking up these glands. 

 Kamela gives a beautiful yellow on silk mo i dan ted with alumina. The 

 dyeing must be done in an alkaline bath. 



(18) Akhrot [Juglans regia) . — The bark yields a valuable brown 

 dye. 



(19) Kathal [Artocarpus integrijc^ia) . — The wood yields a yellow 



