RURAL ECONOMICS 



1517 



to hot-house business, mainly mushrooms ; also 57 tenants paid cash rent, 

 75 a half-share, and 14 who furnished only labour and received Yi of the 

 farm prodiice. Other records were incomplete and were discarded. 



The uniformity desirable in a study of this kind is maintained in the 

 378 farms dealt with in Tables II, III, IV, and V, where they are divided 

 into 7 classes according to their size. 



Table IV, — Animal units* per 100 acres of crops. 



Kind of live stock 



All farms 



Dairy cows . 

 Beef cows . 

 Young cattle 

 Bulls (a) . . 

 Steers . . . 

 Horses . . . 

 Colts (a) . . 

 Sheep . . . 

 Hogs . . . 

 Poultry . . 



20.4 

 0.3 

 2.4 

 0.5 

 1.2 

 7.2 

 0.4 

 0.4 

 I.I 

 2.0 



a Number of animals per farm. 



* One animal unit equals one or other of the following groups of animals, which consume equivalent 

 amounts of food : i adult horse — i dairy cow — 2 young cattle — 5 pigs — 7 sheep — 100 poultry. 



The writers have especially endeavoured to find out how the system of 

 arming and the method of valuing the produce, affects the labour income 

 (i) of the farmer. Thus the farms have been divided into different classes, 

 according to the percentage of their total area devoted to each type of crop, 

 and also according to the total cash receipts derived from each crop and 

 the different branches of animal production. For each of these classes 

 an " adjusted labour income " has been determined. This index has been 

 chosen rather than the actual labour income of the farmer, so as to eliminate 

 the size of the farm as far as possible. The farms, divided according to 

 area, have each been assigned as an index for labour income, the percen- 



(i) The labour income of the farmer is what remains of the gross profit after deducting all 

 expenses and interest on capital at 5 per cent. The labour of the farmer's faniilj* is reckon- 

 ed among the expenses at the equivalent wages. Produce consumed by the farmer's family 

 is not included. {Ed.). 



