RURAI. ECONOMICS 1525 



holxiing in the township are fairly uniform, ranging from 6.2 to 37 acres 

 only. 



The holding taken as a type has an area of 31.66 acres divided as fol- 

 lows : 



Arable ....... 28.37 acres 89.6 per rent 



Pasture 3.29 " 10. .t " " 



The arable land is divided into 45 plots, var^dng in size from 0.31 to 

 1.54 acres. These are cultivated on the three course rotation, usual in this 

 district. , 



Cultivation. — Rye follows potatoes or fodder-beets ; in IQ14, the year 

 to which the report refers, it occupied 6.0 acres. 



Wheat follow? clover and beets (harvested late) on 2.74 acres. Before 

 sowing, the grain is treated with 2 per cent solution of copper sulphate. 

 An area of 0.90 acres, also sown with corn, had to be resown to oats, as the 

 wheat was damaged by crows and mice. 



The stubbles are turned in by surface ploughing, followed by the har- 

 row. In autumn harrowing and deep ploughing is done, then, in spring, 

 another harrowing preceds the drill The amounts of seed used are as 

 follows : 



Oats " Beseler II " 



" " lyOchow Gclbhafer " ... 

 Barley mixed with clover .... 



" without clover 



The barley most grown is Goldthorpe ; on poor soils the earlier sort 

 Schwanenhals has been tried. The barley is used as fodder on the holding, 

 a small amount only being sold to the brewery. 



Clover occupied, in 1914, 3.0 acres and potatoes 3.8 acres. For the lat- 

 ter the preliminary cultivation of the soil is very thorough. Stubble is 

 turned in and dung ploughed under, followed by light harrowing. In au- 

 tumn deep ploughing and in spring the Cambridge-roller and the harrow 

 are used, and lastly the furrows are made with the ridge-plough. After 

 setting, the furrows are closed by the ridge-plough then, according to cir- 

 cumstances, comes the roller, the Cambridge-roller or the harrow. I^ater 

 the hor.se-hoe and hand weeding are employed between the rows and finally 

 the ridge-plough is used again. 



IVIodrows Industry is the potato most favoured and, as early varieties, 

 the following are grown in turn : Kaiser Krone, Gelbe Zwickauer, Ella and 

 Ro5'al Kidney. 



In 1914, 2.5 acres were devoted to beets following oats. The soil is 

 prepared in the same way as for potatoes, the seeds are either sown at 10 

 inches apart then planted out at the end of May or sown direct with the drill. 

 For some years past, sorts specially selected for jdeld have been used, no- 



