SHEEP I&39 



connected with the ensilage of the forage, and the silo would lend a strong 

 support and a factor of success to cattle and sheep breeding in these areas. 

 The overhead silo, cylindrical and built of stone or lime-concrete gives 

 the best results. Maize and sorghum are the silage crops most emplo^'ed ; 

 but oats, barley and wheat also give good results, if care is taken to ensile 

 them as soon as they are reaped at the beginning of the ripening of the 

 grain. The good results obtained with the Jersey breed of cows is described, 

 and the crossing of typical milking strain Jersey bulls with Ayrshire and 

 Shorthorn cows is recommended. The average production of the writer's 

 herd was well over 6,300 lbs. of milk per cow for eight months. The writer 

 does not consider that machine milking has sufhcient advantage over hand 

 milking to give it the preference. It is a mistake to give calves skim milk too 

 soon. When the mother's milk is discontinued the calf should receive at 

 first half ordinarj^ and half separated milk. To ensure success either in milk 

 or butter selling, the animal heat shoiild be got out of the fluid at the earliest 

 possible mom.ent. 



1 1 97 - Mendelism of Short Ears in Sheep. — ritzm.^n e. g., in juumai of Af,ricuiiura 



Research, Vol. VI, Xo. ::o, pp. 797-798. A\'ashington, D. C, August 14, 1916. 



The ordinary ear lengths of the various breeds of sheep approximate 

 very closely to 10 cm. (4 inches) or a little over. On the other hand the 

 longest of the "short ears" so far ob.served in a mature animal measure 

 7 cm. (2 ^/4 inches), and they are somewhat thicker than ordinary- type 

 of ear. The transniissibility of this feature has been studied by the writer 

 at the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station, United States, 

 in the case of one native ewe and her progeny, vvhich number 15 head, 

 and by Dr C. B. Davenport of the Station for Experimental Evolution, 

 of the Carnegie Institute, who bred two short ear animals supplied b}" 

 the writer. 



The results show in a uniform and concordant way that the " short 

 ear " trait con.stitutes a .simple Mendelism unit factor. 



1 198 - The Travelling of Flocks in the Dinaric Zone (Eastern Adriatic).— dedijerj., 



in Annales de (ien^ynpliu-, Year XX\', Xo. 157, pp. 347-365. Paris, September 15, 1916. 



The annual travelling of flocks and herds to upland summer grazing 

 is quite distinct from other forms of pastoral migrations such as is practised 

 by the nomads of the steppes. Travelling shepherds unlike the nomads are 

 really attached to the soil, not only in their lowland villages but also in the 

 mountain pastures which they visit periodically. This summer migration 

 finds its true home in the Mediterranean region for besides being usual 

 amongst the primitive peoples of the Caucasus, Asia Minor and North 

 Africa, it is practises by the most highly civilized European nations, and is 

 a standing proof that analogous geogra])hical factors entail analogous so- 

 cial developments. Working from Belgrade, the writer has spent several 

 years studying the migrations in the mountain s^'stem nmning down the 

 eastern side of the Adriatic in order to determine how far the custom is 

 modified by the physical character of the surface. 



Three forms of pastoral life are distinguished : i)- the travelling flocks 



