i66^ 



RURAL ECONOMICS 



In order to obtain a standard, this method was applied to a group of 

 25 farms, the resulting figuies being given in Table Til ; it is obvious that 

 in the average figures for the 25 farms there is a remarkable agreement be- 

 tween the standard expense calculated according to Table I and the actual 

 expense obtained by applying the percentage figures to the total cost 

 credited to each farm. 



The average results on 78 farms divided into four different groups ac- 

 cording to their size, show the same general tendencies and the same rela- 

 tive profitableness of each crop that was indicated in Table III. The aver- 

 ages for the four groups are given in Table IV. 



The same method was applied to the study of the livestock situation, 

 58 farms being considered, divided into three groups according to the cat- 

 tle units they possessed. The results are indicated in Table V. 



Tabi,E V. — Relative profitableness of livestock on 58 fanns. 



Group I 

 25 farms j 



Group II ) 

 18 farms 



Group III 

 15 farms 



Cattle 

 Sheep 

 Hogs 



Cattle 

 Sheep 

 Hogs 



Cattle 

 Sheep 

 Hogs 



Number 



of 

 farms 



25 



3 



22 



18 



3 



15 



15 



6 



Units 



of livestock 



per farm 



Profit 



or Loss per 



farm 



19.6 

 6.1 



2.8 



26.6 



3-2 



4.4 

 38.6 



2.25 



410 

 68 

 48 



417 

 loi 



49 

 I 146 



44 



Profit or loss 



per unit 

 of livestock 



— 20.95 



— 11.04 



16.52 



— 15-63 



— 3156 



— II. II 



29.64 

 19.55 



On the 25 farms of group I only 3 are making a profit, while on 22 the 

 livestock is kept at a loss in spite of the profit on the hogs. This is ex- 

 plained b}^ the low production of the milking cows, which is only vahied at 

 58 per cow. If the method of analysis is correct the profit of this group of 

 farms is made on the crops and not on the livestock with the exception 

 of hogs. 



On the farms of group II the hogs were raised at a loss relative to the 

 value of food consumed, while in group III a profit was realised both on 

 milking cows and hogs. 



For the purpose of comparison, calculations have been made of the 

 returns for the food consumed in the j groups, the average of individual 

 production for each milking cow and the receipts per animal unit. The 



