1690 INDUSTRIES DEPENDING ON ANIMAI, PRODUCTS 



The most active anaerobic bacterium was the spore-forming Paraplectum 

 foetidum (after 24 hours). 



7) The amount of peptone produced and the rate at which it is form- 

 ed vary not only with the different species but often with different strains 

 of the same species {e. g. B. suhtilis). 



8) The h^'drotysis of casein can take place independently of the coa- 

 gulation of milk, which does not even assist the process. 



9) In the present experiment neither the amount of peptone pro- 

 duced nor its rate of production by aerobic bacteria was affected by the 

 presence of other bacteria in the medium. At about 12° C. the activity of 

 protease is always somewhat retarded. Sterilized milk inoculated with 

 pure cultures of various organisms and incubated at 12° C. already contained 

 peptone after 8 hours with B. pyocyaneus and B. suhtilis and after any- 

 thing up to 14 days with B. coli commune, B. prodigiosus, B. paraplectum 

 foetidum, B. mesentericus vulgatus or in other words the presence of B. 

 acidi lactici in the unsterilized milk had no appreciable effect on the results. 



1220 - The Supply of Rennet for Cheese Making in Italy (i). — i. brsana, c, (The lack of 

 coagulating ferments for the cheese factories). • — II. Fascetti, G., (How to supply the 

 necessary amount of rennet.) in Le Stazioni spcrinieniali agrarie ilaliane, Vol. XI,1X, 

 No. I, pp. 10-12 and 13-16. Modena, 1916. 



In Italy the slaughter of calves weighing less than 400 lbs. is prohi- 

 bited. Consequently the stomachs of calves nourished wholly on milk or 

 in other words those best adapted to the manufacture of rennet are ex 

 eluded from the market. At the present time, imports of dried stomachs 

 from European countries have almost ceased and it seems uncertain how 

 far it will be possible to obtain the material from elsewhere. Normally 

 45-50 tons of rennet are used annually in the Italian cheese factories and 

 of this about one half is imported abroad. Under these circumstances it 

 is essential that Italy should take steps to prevent a shortage of rennet in 

 the country. To this end it is suggested: 



i) That the available calves stomachs be more completely extracted 

 and that the use of lambs' and kids' stomachs be encouraged and developed. 

 The latter are alread}^ employed in the manufacture of « pecorino » cheese, 

 but only to a verj^ slight extent. 



2) That the preparation of a vegetable rennet from the capituli of 

 the cardoon {Cynara Cardunculus ) be encouraged. This plant grows wild 

 in central and southern Italy and might well be cultivated for rennet 

 production. 



3) That an attempt be made to produce coagulating enzymes from 

 bacterial cultures. 



1221 - The Abnormal Composition of Fat in a Pig, Fed on Maize. — rievei,, in ZcHschrif 



fur UntcrsHchmi; der Nahnin:,s itnd Gcniissmittcl, sowie dcr Gcbrauchst^Ci^enstdnde, Vol. 132, 

 N°. 4 pp. 178-181. Munster i W., August 15, 1916. 



The fat on the carcase of a seven months old pig was found to be quite 

 abnormal. It was firm, opaque, almost dead white and chalk}^ when freshly 



I 



(i) See B. Feb. 1916, No. 233. {Ed.) 



