SECOND PART. 



ABSTRACTS 



AGRICUIvTURAL INTELIylGENCE 



DEVELOPMENT 



OF 



AGRICULTURE 



IN DIFFERENT 



COUNTRIES 



GENERAI, INFORMATION. 

 1253 - Agriculture and its Allied Industries in Rumania. — xenopol N.,in u Mouve- 



ment Economique, Vol. XXIII, No. 136, pp. 125-154; No. 138, pp. 191-209. Bucharest, 

 April I and June i, 1916. 



Since the Treaty of Adrianople in 1829, the production of cereals has 

 become the most important feature in Rumanian agriculture. Up to 

 that time Rumania's chief exports consisted of animal products i.e. cattle, 

 wool, wax, wine, salt, hides and salt fish. But after 1829, when she 

 obtained a new outlet for trade via the Black vSea, the character of her 

 agriculture began to change and arable farming gradually displaced the 

 old stock raising industry. 



At the present day wheat is the chief crop and occupies an area of 5 

 million acres. The grain produced is of the finest quahty, but the yield 

 is ver>^ low (12 to 20 bushels per acre during the past 10 years) and might 

 well be increased 50 per cent by improved methods of cultivation, includ- 

 ing the use of artificial manures, and by a better utilization of the avail- 

 able water supplies. Exports of wheat during the years 1911 to 1913 

 were valued from £8 000 000 to £10 000 000 per annum and amounted 

 to one half of the total exports of cereals. The Rumanian people eat 

 very little wheat ; out of a total population of 8 milhons only about 2 

 millions consume it regularly, the staple food of the people being maize. 



According to the official returns the gross value of the Rumanian 

 crops in 1914 was as follows : 



Cereals • • 40 078 000 



Pulse and root crops 2 768 000 



Fodder crops 3 688 000 



Market-garden crops 979 000 



Oil seeds 618000 



Other crops (fibres etc.) 533 000 



Total ... 48 664 000 



