1824 



RURAI, ECONOMICS 



Tabi,E I. — Value per hectare of produce from crops and stock, 1912-1914. 



Lowland zone (896 hectares) : 



Value of field crops not consumea on the 

 holding 



Value of crops from plantations (almost 

 entirely vines) 



Net profits on live stock 



Hill zone (255 hectares) : 



Value of field crops 



Value of crops from plantations (vines and 

 olives trees) 



Net profits on live stock . . ., 



Lire (i) 



250 



59 

 36 



147 



83 

 79 



Lire 



38 

 46 



133 



60 

 59 



Lire 



216 



57 

 72 



140 



59 

 99 



Lire 



229 



50 

 51 



140 



67 

 77 



(i) I lire = gVzd- 



vided b}^ the tenant ; all prodnce from field crops or trees and all losses or 

 gains on the live stock are divided equally between landlord and tenant ; 

 all expendititre on seeds, manures, fungicides, livestock taxes, insurance, 

 veterinary fees, blacksmith, are also divided equally between the landlord 

 and tenant ; the land tax is paid by the landlord and the income tax by the 

 tenant ; the house and garden are the exclusive property of the tenant and 

 so are the poultry, but the landlord makes some fixed rent charge for the 

 latter. Such a system as this with slight modifications is adopted 

 throughout Unibria. 



Table III summarises the date dealing with the metayers and their fa- 

 milies on the Casalina estate and distinguishes between the workers and, 

 the consumers according to the classification suggested b}' Faina (i). 

 In Table IV the -supplementary castial labour employed by the metayers 

 during the years 1912-1914 is given. For the corn harvest, which is the work 

 requiring most labour, it has been estimated that in normal times an addi- 

 tional i960 men-days and 600 women-days are necessary, or assuming that 

 the harvest lasts 12 days, an extra 163 men and 50 women would be em- 

 ployed on the land. 



In calculating the proportion of workers in the metayer families, wo- 

 men, old men and children are assigned values varying from 3 tenths to 6 



(i) Cf. Nuova Antologia, May 16, 1915 : Earnings and food consumption of metayers. In- 

 vestigations on the earnings and food consumption of the metayers at Casalina have been made 

 by the students of the Perugia Agricultural Institute- 



