676 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



June 1, 1921 



curtail distribution on the part of workers, owners, or managers 

 of industry. Laws in the various states were urged to promote 

 arbitration as the most economic method of adjusting commer- 

 cial disputes. 



Foreign commerce and trade finance received their due share 

 of consideration, and the Chamber advocated early settlement of 

 the relationship of the United States to the nations of Europe, 

 and of its policy in the maintenance of world peace and com- 

 mercial intercourse. The importance of determining foreign war 

 debts to the United States in restoring exchanges and advancing 

 export trade was recognized, also communications abroad and 

 American participation in tlie Brazilian Centennial in 1922. 



Transportation was gone into in two group meetings, one 

 dealing with railroads and the other with shipping. The Chamber 

 reiterated its opposition to government ownership or operation of 

 railroads and the belief that regulation should not cripple in- 

 itiative nor prevent prompt action by those responsible for re- 

 sults. Safe and adequate rail transportation, at the lowest rates 

 consistent with fair wages to employes, and with just returns 

 to the owners sufficient to insure constant growth and improve- 

 ment in facilities, is essential, but rates and the relation of rates 

 between various commodities should be established with great 

 care. 



The development of waterways by the Government for navi- 

 gation and the generation of electric power was advocated, also 

 the extension of improved highways under restrictions which 

 will permit Federal aid only for roads which will be reasonably 

 enduring, part of an interstate system and adequately maintained. 



The Government's fiscal policy and reorganization of its activi- 

 ties was discussed by the finance group. The Chamber urged 

 a national budget with legislation placing upon the President the 

 responsibility for initiating the program of expenditures and 

 revenues which is placed before Congress. Reorganization and 

 coordination of departments and bureaus in the interests of 

 greater efficiency and economy was advocated in the belief that 

 the savings effected will warrant merited salary increases and 

 new services urgently needed, notably obtaining and preparing 

 for American business basic world-wide data on commerce and 

 industry. 



The Chamber deplored any tardiness in generous treatment for 

 veterans of the world war who were disabled or became sick in 

 consequence of their service, and for widows and orphans of 

 those who lost their lives in service. It favors forms of as- 

 sistance which will enable ex-service men to cultivate the soil, 

 build homes, or obtain vocational education, rather than a cash 

 bonus, and advocates consolidation in one department of all 

 government agencies concerned. 



Other matters considered by various groups were govern- 

 ment relation to national resources, notably coal, oil and timber: 

 domestic distribution; insurance; education; and a celebration 

 of the one hundred fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of 

 Independence at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1926. 



TREASURY DECISIONS 



No. 38689— Gums.— Rubber Association of .-Xmerica el al. vs. 

 United States (No. 2035) ; United States vs. Amsinck & Co. (No. 



2038) ; United States vs. Rubber Association of America (No. 



2039) : United States vs. Rubl)er Association of America et al. 

 (No. 2040) ; Rubber Association of America et al. vs. United 

 States (No. 2042); Capen's Sons vs. United States (No. 2043); 

 United States vs. .\msinck & Co. (No. 2049). 



C.\UCHILLO Gum is not practically usable in the manufacture 

 of chewing gum or as a substitute for chicle, and therefore not 

 dutiable under paragraphs 477, 552, 36, 386, Tariff Act of 1913. 

 Importers claimed free entry under either paragraph 477 or 552 

 of the Act with an alternate claim that if dutiable it is under 



the provisions of paragraph 385. The Government contended that 

 all the merchandise is dutiable at 15 cents a pound as crude 

 chicle under paragraphs 36 and 386. Under paragraph 385 of 

 the Tariff Act of 1913, the Board of General Appraisers held 

 the merchandise dutiable at 10 per cent ad valorem as raw or 

 unmanufactured articles not enumerated in paragraph 385. 



No. 44209.— Protests 935232, etc., of A. M. Capen's Sons, New 

 York. 



Gums: Chicle. — It is claimed here that certain gums are 

 dutiable as non-enumerated unmanufactured articles at 10 per 

 cent ad valorem under paragraph 385, Tariff -■Xct of 1913. 



Opinion by H.^v, G. A.: Upon stipulation of counsel that the 

 gums in question are similar to those passed on in G. A. 8334 (T. 

 D. 38382), they were held dutiable under paragraph 385 as 

 claimed.— Trcij.turv Dcii.tinns, Volume 39, No. 19, page 11. 



WHALE INFXATION HOSE 



Special rubber hose plays an indispensable role in modern 

 whale hunting. Whale oil is important in the making of costly 



toilet soaps, lard substitutes, salves, 



etc., and whalebone is 

 utilized in making but- 

 tons, combs, brush backs, 

 umbrella handles, and 

 numerous novelties. The 

 modern methods adopted 

 in whale hunting and in 

 the conversion of ' the 

 products have built up 

 again a great industry, 

 which at one time had 

 almost ceased to exist. 



Two of the largest and 

 best equipped whaling 

 plants in the world are 

 located on the coast of 

 California, one at Moss 

 Landing, in Monterey 

 County, and the other at 

 Trinidad, in Humboldt 

 County ; and there are 

 several others doing well 

 on the Pacific coast. 



Seaplanes are used to 

 scout for whales, and 

 wlien one is "spotted" a 

 signal is given to men on 

 powerful craft built much 

 A ■•B.SLi.ooN'En ' Whale ni^g submarine chasers, 



and on the bows of which are mounted harpoon guns resembling 

 pieces of naval artillery. On the head of each harpoon is a time 

 bomb which explodes within the whale ; and fastened to the shank 

 of the harpoon is a heavy chain attached to a half mile of heavy 

 rope, the other end of which is fastened to a steam winch on 

 the boat. 



As nearly all whales when killed sink at once if not well 

 secured, a way has been devised to keep the dead whales afloat 

 by inflating them with air pumped into their bodies by means of a 

 high-pressure rubber air-hose terminating in a hollow lance. 

 When the body has been ballooned, which takes but a few mo- 

 ments, the air lance is withdrawn and in the opening made by 

 it a bunch of oakum is thrust, effectively sealing the air hole. 

 Such inflation makes it possible to bring in three and four whales 

 as easily as so many light barges, instead of being so much 

 dead weight in tow as in former days. 



"Ckude Rubber and Compounding Ingredients" and "Rubber 

 Machinery," by Henry C. Pearson, should be in the library of 

 every progressive rubber man. 



