168 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



December 1. 192(1 



is applied in a coating machine after the rubbered cloth has 

 received an impressed representation of the grain of leather by 

 means of an embossing machine. The rubber and varnish vulcan- 

 ize in one operation. The time of cure is generally ZYz to VA 

 hours at 250 degrees F., or 3^4 to 454 hours at 250 to 260 degrees 

 F., depending upon the grade of goods. These varnishes are 

 made in a dull, semi-bright, and gloss finish : 



A good formula for this varnish consists of : 



Linseed oil 1 gallon 



Sulphur 1 pound 



Naphtha 2'/2 gallons 



Morrison's dryer 1 gallon 



Varnishes for surface clothing are usually knovi^n as water 

 varnishes. .■\ good luster formula is : 



Water 6 gallons 



Shellar 3 pounds 



Neutral rhromate potash 1 pound 



Borax 18 ounces 



Heat until dissolved. 



For a dull finish, add aniline to the above. 



An English formula for water varnish is made as follows : 



Boil a quantity of borax in water for 20 minutes. Decant the 

 clear liquid from the undissolved bora.x and let cool. Add its 

 own bulk of water ; bring to a boil and digest therein for 20 

 minutes thin shavings of Ceara or Madagascar rubber. 



A very curious formula is found in Elmer's Clothing Varnish. 

 This was designed particularly for an elastic varnisli for fabrics 

 that had already been coated with his "Elastic Selinide of 

 Caoutchouc." It consists of a paste made of one part of alumina 

 to two parts of ichthyocolla, the solvent being a mixture of 

 one part oil of birch to thirty parts of naphtha. After appli- 

 cation, the surface is partially dried and then subjected to a 

 strong solution of tannic acid for 6 to 12 hours;> It is then 

 subjected to steam for 30 minutes. 



Varnish was applied to carriage cloth by brushes when the 

 business was young. Later several machines, all excellent, were 



coated cloth is hung in bearings at the back of the machine on 

 a square bar A, which is provided for a friction device B to 

 regulate the tension. The cloth is then passed under an idler 

 roller C, over the varnish roller D, under another idler £, and 



Birmingham Carriage Cloth Varnishing Machine 



evolved. They are a trifle more complicated than other varnish 

 applying mechanisms and are best shown in outline. The illustra- 

 tion shows the Birmingham machine for varnishing carriage 

 cloth and delivering the cloth to the drying room. The rubber 



Garnishing 

 'Machine 



Single Texture Fabric V.'Vrnishing and Festooning Machine 



then to the front of the machine. The varnish roller revolves 

 against the coated side of the goods, applying the varnish which 

 it has picked up from the tank in which it runs, .^fter being 

 varnished the cloth passes under a roller F and over a zinc- 

 covered table G. Here it is smoothed out and the wide surface 

 gives an opportunity to inspect the varnished cloth and to retouch 

 any knots or defects. A knife is provided immediately behind 

 the varnish roller to scrape off the surplus varnish. From the 

 inspection table the cloth passes over a roller H and over a 

 roller / at the top of the frame, and then to the festooning ap- 

 paratus which picks up the cloth and drapes it in festoons which 

 are carried into the curing room. 



These heaters are usually made 50 feet long and about 12 feet 

 high. The machine is mounted on rollers so that when one 

 heater is full it is run to the next heater. It is so geared that 

 all parts are driven from one belt. 



MOTOR CAR PRODUCTION FOR 1921 TO EXCEED ALL RECORDS 



.■\s forecasting what may be expected in the tire industry, the 

 price reductions in the automobile industry have proved effective 

 in stimulating the sale of cars. Alfred Reeves, general manager 

 of The National Automobile Chamber of Commerce, reports 

 that after two months of depression there has been an upward 

 turn in the sale of both passenger cars and trucks. Present pro- 

 duction is not averaging more than 50 per cent, except in the 

 case of three or four factories, but the full year, he asserts, will 

 exceed all records, approaching 1,900,000 cars and 340.000 trucks. 

 Car renewals are at the rate of about 1.000,000 cars a year. It 

 is logical and healtliful, he believes, that an industry which in- 

 creased 350 per cent in five years should undergo re-adjustment 

 along with other industries. The 1920 Ford production alone 

 is estimated at about 900,000 cars, and Mr. Ford has been quoted 

 as saying that the 1921 output would be at least 1.250,000 cars. 

 The major part of the tires fitted to Ford cars at Detroit before 

 shipment come from Akron and are largely Firestone. 



"PEERLESS" TIRE PAINT 



The perfectly turned-out car does not of necessity depend upon 

 the shop for its good looks, thanks to paints specially prepared 

 for the car owner's use. Peerless Tire Paint is one of the 

 latest additions to the Peerless line of automobile finishes. It 

 is a durable protective coating and adds much to the appear- 

 ance of spare tires as well as tires on the car. Peerless Tire 

 Paint is made in three colors — black, white and gray. — The 

 Columbus \'arnish Co., Columbus, Ohio. 



