250 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



January 1, 1921 



till- broom and the brush should be banished and both re- 

 placed with the vacuum cleaner, portable time and money- 

 saving typ»s of which having recently appeared; workers 

 should be required to place all rubbish in lire-proof contain- 

 ers; an ample supply of drinking water should be provided, 

 tested daily by a bacteriologist, and used with individual cups. 

 If Bristolware jars be used they should be filled from a 

 wheeled tank with a pump and hose attached, but preferably 

 an automatically-cooled circulating system should be used for 

 distributing the water, provided with non-contaminating 

 founts at convenient points and cleaned daily. Even the lowly 

 cuspidor could be standardized, and the speaker showed how 

 these "necessarv evils" are best collected, cleaned, and 

 steamed. 



Proper toilet atcomniodations in factories arc given too 

 little attention. Even when of modern construction, they are 

 often so placed that workers lose much time in reaching them, 

 they are often set where light and ventilation are insufficient, they 

 are not automatically flushed, and locks are put on doors where 

 springs would serve ,as well and tend to lessen loafing, etc. 

 The placing of a small, porcelain, non-stopper, spray-head 

 lavatory with foot-valve control is suggested for each five 

 toilets or less, and special care urged in draining and cleaning 

 toilet rooms. Stress is laid, too, on the importance of pro- 

 viding metal, ventilated, combination-padlocked lockers for 

 clothing and lunches, and suitable washing units on the same 

 floor. One of the best forms of the latter, it was stated, is of 

 white enamel, eight feet long, with five spray-head goose- 

 necks with liquid soap dispensers between them, and with 

 box foot-control valves. Individual linen or paper towels are 

 used. 



The value of show-er baths is also pointed out, and it is 

 urged that they should be provided for all workers whose 

 tasks are very dirty, who have to handle poisons, or who 

 completely change their clothing on entering and leaving a 

 factory. There is not enough attention devoted to the lunch 

 room. Indeed, while many industrial managers often score 

 notable success in enhancing the health, comfort, and effi- 

 ciency of workers in their care through all the departments of 

 a big factory, they fail in their regulation of the lunch room. 

 Here, it is pointed out. sanitation is just as necessary as in all 

 other sections of a mill, and good food is a factor of no mean 

 importance in keeping an industrial army, just like a fighting 

 one, in a fit condition. 



As long as we continue to use the present form of round tires, 

 he asserts, some form of base filler strip should be introduced, 

 (as shown in the illustration herewith), so as to prevent the tire 

 being cut by riding on the rim in case of deflation. A tire so 

 protected could be safely driven to, the journey's end. Such a 

 device is patented and in u.sc in Germany, but not in this country. 



Having started with light tire loads, the round tire was per- 

 haps the natural evolution, Mr. Moore contends, but had we 

 started with larger tires and heavier loads it is possible that an 

 entirely different form of tire would have been evolved. He 

 supports this contention by citing the analogous mechanical prob- 

 lem of constructing a building with spherical or double-curved 

 w;alls. (Imagine a VVoolworth building with such walls!) The 

 problem is easy until you add weight to the structure, when you 

 must add cross-stays to stiffen the curved side walls, as in the 

 Eiflfel tower at Paris. The round pneumatic tire typifies this con- 

 struction, with high air pressure to act as cross-stays on the tire 

 walls. A better construction, he suggests, would be an Eiffel 

 tower effect with a broad base, producing a pneumatic suspension 

 combined with partial or indirect compressibility in a tire, with 

 only necessar>- air pressure to carry the load without straining 

 the fabric. 



If the desired effect cannot be produced with the round tire 

 carrying lower air pressures, the solution must be sought along 

 the lines of a broad base construction, since it appears unreason- 

 able to have, say, a ten-inch depth of air when the actual flatten- 

 ing is from one to four inches, even when striking sudden ob- 

 structions. 



Another outstanding defect of present tire construction, con- 

 cludes Mr. Moore, seems to be the depth of the side ring of the 



Automotive Industries 



Suggested Pneu- Base Filler Strip Suggested for Present 

 MATic Tire Design Pneumatic Type 



— All Rubber 



PNEUMATIC TIRES CRITICIZED 



AN INTERESTING CRITICISM of present-day pneumatics appears 

 in a letter by W. J. P. Moore, of New York City, to the 

 editor of Aulonioth'e Industries. In discussing the possible 

 adaptability of pneumatic tires for heavily loaded motor trucks, 

 the writer asserts that the principle of construction as embodied 

 in the round pneumatic tire is wrong, and the fundamental idea, 

 resiliency, for which the tire is designed, is in effect defeated 

 because of the high pressure to which the tires are pumped. This 

 high pressure is necessary to maintain the shape of the tire (not 

 to carry the load), and thus prevent working or intermovement 

 of the dissimilar materials of the tire wall, the fabric or cord and 

 the rubber composition. 



Mr. Moore proposes a two-fold remedy: (a) Improve the 

 quality and strength of the rubber, have only one homogeneous 

 material (as in a solid tire), and do away with internal move- 

 ment, friction and heat of the dissimilar elements, (b) If it is 

 impossible to find a suitable rubber composition, the shape of 

 the pneumatic cord tire should be designed so that with lighter 

 air pressures the deflection would be so modified as not to in- 

 jure the fabric and also produce better riding qualities. 



rim. This is unnecessary in the present straight-side tires, and 

 the deeper the side ring, the heavier the car rides upon it, unless 

 a filler as suggested is used. 



"TREADO" TO REPAIR RUBBER GOODS 



.K new prepared rubber used to rebuild worn treads, and 

 rut-worn tires, is called 'Treado." It is claimed to require no 

 cement, heat or patches. It may also be used for mending leaky 

 rubbers and rubber boots, rebuilding rubber belts, fiber soles, 

 rubber .soles and heels, etc. — Treado Manufacturing (3o.. 42 

 Dwight street, Springfield, Massachusetts. 



"LASTAWL" FIBROUS RUBBER SOLING 



Another British product is a set of sole and heel pads made 

 of composition rubber and fiber material which is called "Lastawl" 

 fibrous rubber soling. The pads are to be attached to the bot- 

 tom of a shoe and are intended to preserve the expensive leather 

 sole from wearing out. The long-wearing qualities of the rubber 

 and fiber soling offset the original cost of tlie pads, which are 

 adaptable to fit any size boots or shoes. — The Lastawl Co., 132- 

 148 Boundary street, Liverpool, England ; British & Foreign 

 .^gencies Limited, 17 St. John street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 



