September 1, 1921 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



881 



accuracy which has been long sought for in making this type of 

 shoe, for the number of operators experienced and skilled in 

 this operation has been extremely small and 

 the demand for them has been very great. 

 As with the heel-turning machine, the opera- 

 tion of this machine is rapidly learned by 

 operators who become very skilful in doing 

 this wonderful and essential part in making 

 a turn shoe. 



After the shoe has been partially turned. 

 or to that point where the shank no longer 

 is disturbed, the steel shank piece intended tu 

 give permanent form to the shank of the 

 shoe is inserted in a pocket which holds it 

 permanently in place and gives definite form 

 to the sh;ink. 



RELASTING, TRIMMING AND FINISHING 



W ith the C'lmiiU'tion of tlie turning opera- 



subsequc 

 finishing 



nt insertion of the sock liner or filler. The necessary 

 operations are observed in making a marketable shoe of 

 the character and type for which there has 

 been an active demand in the last two years. 

 The finished shoe is of such flexibility and 

 comfort that the demand for it, in the opin- 

 ion of those who arc familiar with what has 

 been accomplished in perfecting this system 

 of manufacture, is destined to increase rap- 

 idly when the public becomes familiar with 

 the desirable qualities which the shoe pos- 

 sesses. It can safely be said that no recent de- 

 velopment in shoemaking is of greater im- 

 portance, particularly to concerns that have 

 heretofore confined their shoe manufactur- 

 ing to those methods which required the use 

 of vulcanization. It will well repay any 

 manufacturer of fabric shoes to thoroughly 



Finished Products of the Goodyear Turn Sole System, Made for Style, Comfort and Durability 



tion, the shoe is again relasted by hand lasters who place within investigate this process. The four types of shoes shown in the 

 it a smaller last and straighten the linings so that the shoe is accompanying illustrations are examples of what can be achieved 

 ready for the operation of trimming forepart and heel and the l)y the Goodyear turn-sole system. 



HOW TO REMOVE PNEUMATIC TRUCK TIRES 



The United States Tire Co., New York, N. Y., pioneer builder 

 cf truck pneumatics, points out briefly how handling a change of 

 tires on the road can be made a one-man job. 



To dismount the tire and rim from the wheel, jack up the car, 

 loosen the tire bolts and then the rim by shock, and turn the wheel 

 so that the sector containing the valve is near the ground. Grasp 

 the tire with both hands at points just below the hub level, and 

 lift the rim away from the top of the wheel, watching the valve 

 to make sure that it does not bind in the felloe when the rim 

 slides off the felloe band. This method of dismounting the tire 

 and rim from the wheel requires very little lifting, and does no 

 damage to valve or tube. 



To detach the tire from the rim lay the tire on level ground, 

 locking-ring side up, remove the valve plunger to complete defla- 

 tion, and push back the valve stem inside the rim. Remove lock- 

 ing and side rings, loosen flap all aroimd and lift tire straight up 

 ofif the rim. Reverse the operations when the tire is ready for 

 replacement on the rim 



In applying the rim and tire to the wheel engage the valve 

 stem in the felloe at a point level with the hub, push the rim 

 firmly again.st the felloe and turn the wheel until the valve is 

 at the highest possible point. The rim will drop into place on 

 the felloe. This knack of first engaging the valve, then turning 



the tire and rim cm the whrel eliminates all direct lifting, and 

 makes the applying of even an eight-inch tire a comparatively 

 simple matter. 



WHY BURIED CABLES HEAT 

 British electrical engineers have been trying to find a way to 

 lessen the tendency of buried cables to deteriorate through heating, 

 and through the same cause to suffer a loss in conductivity. At 

 a recent conference in Liverpool experts reporting the results of 

 various tests showed that paper-covered wires, unlike those in- 

 sulated in rubber or gutta percha, were subject to considerable 

 variations in longitudinal expansion. A rise from the "normal" 

 earth temperature of 60 degrees F. to 120 degrees in a 220-yard 

 strand of armored copper cable caused an expansion of 4^ 

 inches, distorting the inelastic lead covering and occasioning much 

 trouble. Over 120 degrees the dielectric loss rose rapidly, or, 

 in other words, the efficiency of the insulating medium decreases 

 proportionally to the increase in heat. Many factors, it was 

 pointed out, favored the rise in the temperature of the copper 

 conductor and lessened its current-carrying capacity, such as 

 a considerable increase in voltage, a very dry or loose soil, 

 and ])articnlarly trapping of air in minute films between the 

 paper coating and the copper, or differing degrees of intimacy 

 of contact between the dielectric and the conductor. 



