September 1, 1921 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



901 



skins, or manufactured filaments resembling the hair ot mam- 

 mals and made by squirting viscose or similar cellulose solution. 

 The hair used or the cement in which it is embedded may be 

 suitably colored if desired; and if an upright fur is sought it 



Jbressure roller (>'; 

 rotary iirush i^\^-^ X^ Iwah 



± 



-t 



;perjoratea 

 ■^^ir-pipes 



'd) 

 Jurcoated 

 Jadric roll 



The Nowell Rubber-Set Fur-Making Machine 



can be produced by omitting roll (i) and brush (/). Other 

 effects may be obtained by reversing the morion of the brush. 

 A.11 or some of the hairs may also be placed in tufts, either in 

 all-over pattern or combination of long and short hairs ; or 

 ;he ground may be of one color and tufts of another, as ermine, 

 leopard, and other fur. 



According to the inventor, the binder, or semi-liquid adhesive 

 material used for sticking the hairs on the base-fabric must, 

 after vulcanizing, be perfectly pliable and must have rubber as 

 its chief non-volatile constituent, the rubber being held in solu- 

 tion and spread upon the base-fabric either with a spreader, as 

 already referred to, or with rollers or brushes, or by spraying 

 or atomizing. 



The microscope reveals the reason why hairs can be so well 

 "rooted" in the rubber binding material in vulcanizing the latter. 

 There is a great variety of animal hair, each kind as distinct 

 as the species of animal from which it is taken, as experts 

 know who make tests for spurious furs. Generally speaking, 

 the outer coating of the hair of all mammals is made up of an 

 infinite number of overlapping scales as shown in the accompany- 

 ing illustration of one sort of wool hair, with a medullary or 



Tongs for Holding Hairs 



pithy center that is especially discernible on the overhairs. The 

 sharp, tiny edges of the scales get a grip on the vulcanizing sub- 

 stance that can not be equalled by any roimded, smooth-surfaced 

 natural or manufactured filament, which fact has to be borne 



ill mind in the production of artificial fur or wool hair on a 

 commercial scale, a development probably of the not distant 

 future. 



A condition favoring the making of rubber-set furs, and which 

 may lead to a considerable broadening of the artificial fur indus- 

 try is the increasing scarcity of natural furs. So high an author- 

 ity on wild animal life as William T. Hornaday, director of 

 the New York Zoological Park, remarks in a recent bulletin, 

 "The Fur Trade and the Wild Animals," issued by the New 

 York Zoological Society, that present fur fashions, including 

 summer furs, and the overtrapping and collecting of immature 

 skins, stimulated by present high prices for furs, will mean the 

 extinction of most of the wild animals of the United States by 

 1950. Other parts of the world may help some in supplying the 

 deficiency in furs, but the chances are that the supply will not 



Alpaca Wool Hairs (Largely Magnifieu) 



A, Over or Protection Hairs. Show ink Medullary or Pith Section 



B, Under or Fur Hairs. Showing Epidermal Scale Formation 



keep pace with the growth of population and prices will be 

 steadily advancing. 



UNCOLN HIGHWAY TO HAVE AN "IDEAL SECTION" 



The great transcontinental roadway known as the Lincoln 

 Highway is to have an "Ideal Section," and detailed surveys for 

 this purpose are being made. The location to be finally fixed 

 upon will probably be at a point in Lake County, Indiana, be- 

 tween Dyer and Schererville. 



J. N. Gunn, president of both the Lincoln Highway Associa- 

 tion and the United States Tire Co., and vice-president of the 

 United States Rubber Co., recently investigated this district, and 

 was pleased with the tentative location. Funds for carrying for- 

 ward the work of building this ideal section are being made 

 available by the United States Rubber Co. When completed the 

 undertaking will represent the finest and most adequate work 

 possible and in accordance with the best methods of scientific 

 road construction. 



FACTS REGARDING CORD TIRES 



A 30 by V/z cord tire contains almost 9,000 feet of cord or 

 over a mile and a half. A 35 by 5 has over 30,000 feet of cord 

 or over five and a half miles. The cord, similar to medium- 

 weight fishing-line, is made of long-fiber cotton, of far better 

 grade than used in ordinary cotton goods. Each cord, in- 

 sulated in rubber, is separated from the next by a layer of rub- 

 ber insulating which gives additional strength. A standard make 

 5-inch cord tire has 20 to 26 cords per inch and a strength in 

 fabric carcass alone in excess of 2,400 pounds to the square 

 inch, irrespective of the strength given by other parts. — Miller 

 News Serz'icc. 



