482 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



April 1, 1921 



Acid-Cured Rubber. Latex which has been coagulated by means 

 of acetic or other acid. Not to be confused with the acid-cure of 

 vulcanizing. 



.■\mber Crepe. New York rubber market term for rough, thick, 

 light-colored crepe graded as No. 1 amber ; No. 2 amber ; No. 3 

 amber (medium color) and No. 4 amber (dark and often mot- 

 tled). See Crepe. 



B.\RKV OR Bark. Singapore term for low grade crepe. See 

 Crepe. 



Bark Crepe. Batavia rubber market grade of crepe. See 

 Crepe. 



Batavia Clean Scrap. Lower grade than amber crepe contain- 

 ing woody particles, etc. See Crepe. 



Blanket Crepe. A thick crepe made by rolling together sev- 

 eral layers of thin crepe while warm from smoke-house or vacuum 

 dryer. See Crepe. 



Batu Pahat Sheet. Singapore term for rubber from the dis- 

 trict of that name. Color varies from light to dark, usually soft- 

 ening, weakening and darkening after creping. It makes up into 

 type C of Singapore standard blanket crepe. 



Biscuits. Flat pancakes of rubber built up in thin sheets in 

 concentric layers of nearly circular form and from 1/16 to 1/8- 

 inch thick, 10 to 14 inches in diameter. Made from latex coagu- 

 lated in shallow pans, rolled, dried and smoked. 



Block. Sheets, biscuits and other forms of rubber made from 

 latex coagulated in mass and pressed into slabs by screw or 

 hydraulic force and averaging 10 by 10 by 6 inches. 



Brown Crepe, h Singapore low-grade crepe, having barky 

 particles and often tearing easily. See Crepe. 



Basilan. Plantation Hevea rubber from the island of that 

 name in the Philippines. 



Br.ands. As a guide to quality, producers' brands are much 

 used. Names of the companies as a rule form the brands, and 

 may have an English origin, as Dalkeith or Vallambrosa ; a native 

 local name, as Lumut or Siak; or in the Dutch possessions a 

 Dutch name as Daejan. The entire output of many estates is 

 purchased under estate brands by individual manufacturers and 

 thus never appear in the open market. 



Clean Scraps. Batavia grade. See Crepe. 



Ceara Plantation. Rubber derived from the Manihots, pro- 

 duced in Ceylon, Malaya and in some of the former German Colonies 

 in Africa. Prepared in crepe, sheet, and scrap, similar to Hevea 

 plantation rubber. 



Coagulation. The process of separating and agglutinating the 

 caoutchouc globules in the tree milk usually effected by acetic 

 acid treatment. 



Coagulant. An agent or substance used in coagulating latex. 

 Colombo Scrap. — Plantation scraps massed, consisting of clear 

 light-brown strings and bits, usually bark-speckled, in No. 1 and 

 No. 2 qualities. 



Crepe. Sheets of rubber with irregularly crimpled or crinkled 

 surfaces, 3 to 6 feet long and 5 to 12 inches wide. It is made 

 from latex coagulated in bulk, passed through washer rolls and 

 while being thus wrung is crimpled by the grooved rolls. It is 

 then thoroughly dried and sometimes smoked. 



Crepe is graded chiefly in New York, Singapore and Batavia. 

 A clear pale color characterizes the highest grade which is called 

 in New York standard quality first latex, or first latex ; in 

 Singapore, standard quality pale ; in Batavia, standard first latex : 

 and in Java, fine pale and prime pale. The next grade, due to a 

 difference in color, is known in New York as oflF standard or off 

 color latex ; in Singapore, oflF-color latex and palish crepe ; in 

 Batavia, off-color crepe, and in East Java, "P" red prime crepe 

 and "L. B." crepe. A third grade is known in New York as 

 prime clean light brown ; in Singapore, fine brown ; in Batavia, 

 lump ; and East Java "L. B," red. The next grade in New York 

 is medium-color brown and' good dark brown ; in Singapore, brown 

 and dark; in Batavia, clean lumps; and East Java, "D'' dark, 

 "D. G." dark gray, "D. D. G." red. 



These are followed by the blanket crepes known in the New 

 York market as Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 amber; in Singapore as types 

 A, B, C, D, blanket. This in turn is followed by the New York 

 term, specky brown crepe; Singapore, bark or barky; Batavia, 

 barky specky scrap or bark crepe, and East Java, scrap. Then 

 comes the grade known in New York as massed or rolled crepe; 

 .'Singapore, earth or rolled bark crepe; East Java, scrap. 

 CoAGULUM. Freshly coagulated latex in mass. 

 Compound Rubber. Rubber made up of lump, scraps, bark 

 rubber and wash-water scrap, etc. 

 Cup Scrap. See Dry Tapping. 



Curing. A common term for coagulating rubber. See 

 Coagulating. 



Castilloa. Product of cultivated Castilloa. When washed on 

 rolls after coagulation it comes as sheets and scrap. When 

 coagulated by centrifugal force it comes in the form of truncated 

 cones weighing from 10 to 25 pounds. Comes chiefly from 

 Trinidad and Mexico. 



Congo. Product of cultivated Hevea from the Belgian Congo. 

 BjAMBi. Sheet rubber from Bjambi, Malaya, from native plan- 

 tations. L^sually soft and dark and with much moisture, showing 

 a shrinkage of 8 to 11 per cent on creping. It makes up into 

 average soft, dark blanket crepe of the Singapore t\'pes C and D, 

 mostly the latter. See Sheet. 



Diamond Smoked Sheets. Singapore and Batavia grade of 

 best sheet. See Sheet. 



Dry-Tapping. Refers to the practice of allowing the latex that 

 adheres to the latex cups to remain and air-coagulate, instead of 

 rinsing the cups with water. The thin films are collected sepa- 

 rately and form cup scrap. 



Dry Rubber. A somewhat elastic term meaning generally the 

 presence of less than 1 per cent of moisture. 



Drying. Removing moisture from rubber by exposure to air at 

 normal temperature, or by heated air, or by mechanical dryers, as 

 vacuum dryers. 



Diluted Latex. Latex to which pure water is added bringing 

 the dry rubber content to 15 per cent, as is practiced in making 

 sheet. 



Earth Crepe. A Singapore low grade rubber made from latex 

 that has dripped upon the ground. Also rolled bark crepe. See 

 Crepe. 



East Java Prime Pale Criipe. See Crepe. 



Earth Rubber. See Crepe. 



Estate Output. A Batavia grade which consists of about 75 

 per cent of fine pale crepe or prime smoked sheet and 25 per 

 cent of the lower grades from off-color crepe and off-quality 

 ribbed smoked sheet to earth. 



East African. See Uganda. 



F. A. Q. Ribbed Smoked Sheet. \ Singapore term for a clean, 

 tough rubber free from mould, dampness or under or oversmoked 

 sheets. See Sheet. 



First Latex. A term referring to latex free from debris, clots 

 or rain water. 



Fine Pale Crepe. A Batavia supergrade crepe. See Crepe. 



Fine Brown CRitPE. A Singapore term for crepe made from 

 latex coagulated in the cups. See Crepe. 



Fine Medium Smoked Crepe. See Crepe. 



Fine Smoked Rubber. A general term for high quality smoked- 

 cured sheet. See Sheet. 



First Latex Crepe. The finest grade of plantation Para; a 

 thin or thick pale, clc.in slicct of even color, free from all traces 

 of oxidation and well prepared by acid coagulation. See Crepe. 



Fiji. Plantation Para from the islands of that name. 



Flake. Rubber in thin, flattened irregularly shaped scales. 



Formal Rubber. Funtumia rubber coagulated by formaldehyde. 



Funtumia Rubber. Funtumia rubber coagulated by boiling 

 with an infusion of the twigs and leaves of native vines. 



{To he contmucd) 



