106 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
to one side and lie down, with perhaps a little difficiilty in breath- 
ing (some of them will vomit very readily on drinking water; 
they will do that without cholera, hoAvever) , we come to the conclu- 
sion that nine times out of ten those hogs have cholera. 
If you want to know the post'mortem on a hog, one of the most 
prominent symptoms you will find is that the lungs are very badly 
congested. One lobe or perhaps the entire lungs may be more or 
less solidified, and dark. That is usually in the acute stage, and 
possibly the latest stage. The lymphatic glands are invariably 
black, I care not how recent may have been the affection or how 
little the hog may seem to be sick. If you wall cut do^Yn through 
the spine to the bones j^ou will invariably find them black. Then 
you will find in the intestines an area that is black. It may be local 
or pretty well diffused through the whole bowels, but usually is 
confined to a small area. In addition to that you will find the 
spleen enlarged and very much darker than usual. Those are prob- 
ably the symptoms that will appeal to the average farmer, who is 
probably not an expert in pathological conditions. 
Nine times out of ten, if you have a hog die suddenly and notice 
a few more sick, you have cholera, and the sooner you make a sep- 
aration the better. 
The convention thereupon adjourned to 1:30 P. M. 
AFTERNOON SESSION. 
President A. Sykes of the Corn Belt IMeat Producers' Associa- 
tion presiding. 
The President : We will open the program this afternoon with 
an address by Dr. M. P. Ravenel of Madison, Wis., on Bovine 
Tuberculosis. 
BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS. 
M. P. RAVENEL, MADISON, WIS. 
Mr. President and Members of the Corn Belt Meat Producers Association: 
This question of bovine tuberculosis is one which is agitating the 
whole world at the present time. I could spend a longer time than any of 
you would want to listen in talking on this question from either one of 
two standpoints, both of which I will try to touch on a little. 
The first one is: Is it going to pay the farmer as a farmer to raise 
healthy cattle? Is bovine tuberculosis a curse to the farmer or a thing 
that he wants to coddle and help along and keep amongst his cattle? 
