280 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
of cattle. Colantha 4th's Johanna, the queen of all dairy cattle, produced 
in one year 998.26 pounds of butter-fat, equal to 1,160 pounds of butter; 
Yeksa Sunbeam a Guernsey cow, produced 1,000 pounds of butter in one 
year. A Jersey cow on test at the Colorado Agricultural College will pass 
the 1,000 pound mark. The best dual-purpose cow we ever heard of has 
not produced over 500 pounds. 
Now, comparing the best with the best and these marked differences 
are noted in the production of milk and milk products, why will not this 
great difference hold good in the average dual purpose and common cow 
compared with the average high grade special dairy cow? It is stated the 
average production of the Iowa cow is 140 pounds of butter-fat. Now if the 
best of the special dairy cows yield from two to two and one-half times the 
amount of milk and milk products as does the best of the dual purpose 
cattle why does it not logically follow that the production of milk and milk 
products from the special dairy cow should be in the same proportion, 
namely, two or more times the production of the average dual purpose and 
common cow. We think this will hold good in almost every community. 
Why go on breeding this inferior stock? Why not begin at once the good 
work of grading up your dairy cows? Keep one-half the cows at one-half 
the expense for feed and labor to receive the same amount of net cash. 
Some people believe we will soon overdo the dairy business. I confi- 
dently assert that while the youngest person in this audience lives it will 
not be overdone. The cities of our country are increasing both in number 
and size at an enormous rate. The consumption of milk and its products 
are increasing much faster than the ability to produce it. Milk is being 
used in numberless ways now that were unknown only a few years ago. 
Condensed milk goes to all parts of the globe. No place is too hot or too 
cold. It is everywhere. Down on the Panama Canal it is used and up in 
the frozen regions of Alaska. The trans-Atlantic steamers carry regular 
supplies. The ships that girdle the globe take along large quantities. Add- 
ed to this increased demand for milk and its products is the strong de- 
sire on the part of many farmers to avoid the dairy business. Dairy- 
ing as a business is confining and demands regular hours to be suc- 
cessful, and this confinement and regularity keeps many men out of the 
business and others go out just as soon as they are financially able to 
live without dairying. 
So the man who goes into dairying now need have no fear of its being 
overdone, at least while he lives, and if he' will closely study every phase 
of tne business from the breeding, feeding and care of the cow, and the 
disposal of the product in the most profitable manner, he may rest as- 
sured of success and competency. 
Chairman: "We have with us this afternoon a man who was 
formerly Avith the Iowa State College, and, like many other good 
men, we lost him. I have the pelasnre of introducing to you 
Prof. C. H. Eckles, of Columbia, Mo., who will talk on ''The 
Selection of the Dairy Sire." 
