414 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
pating the collapsed cartilage and vocal cord is believed to be the only 
relief, and, as this operation is critical and can only be performed by the 
skillful veterinarian, it will not be described here. 
From the foregoing description of the disease it will be seen that the 
name "roaring," by which the disease is generally known, is only a 
symptom and not the disease. Chronic roaring is also in many cases 
accompanied by a cough. The best way to test whether a horse is a 
"roarer" is either to make him pull a load rapidly up a hill or over a 
s'andy road or soft ground; or, if he is a saddle horse, gallop him up a 
hill or over soft ground. The object is to make him exert himself. Some 
horses require a great deal more exertion than others before the char- 
acteristic sound is emitted. The greater the distance he is forced, the 
more he will appear exhausted if he is a roarer; in bad cases the animal 
becomes utterly exhausted, the breathing is rapid and difficult, the 'nos- 
trils dilate to the fullest extent, and the animal appears as if suffocation 
was imminent. 
An animal that is a roarer should not be used for breeding purposes. 
The taint is transmissible in many instances. 
Grunting. — A common test used by veterinarians when examining 
"the wind" of a horse is to see if he is a "gunter." This is a sound 
emitted during expiration when the animal is suddenly moved, or 
startled, or struck at. If he grunts he is further tested for roaring. 
Grunters are not always roarers, but, as it is a common thing for a 
roarer to grunt, such an animal must be looked upon with suspicion 
until he is thoroughly tried by pulling a load or galloped up a hill. 
The test should be a severe one. Horses suffering with pleurisy, pleuro- 
dynia, or rheumatism, and other affections accompanied with much pain, 
v/ill grunt when moved, or when the pain is aggravated, but grunting 
under these circumstances does not justify the term of "gunter" being 
applied to the horse, as the gunting ceases when the animal recovers from 
the disease that causes the pain. 
High Bloicing. — This term is applied to a noisy breathing made by 
some horses. It is distinctly a nasal sound, and must not be confounded 
with "roaring." The sound is produced by the action of the nostrils. It 
is a habit and not an unsoundness. Contrary • to roarin'g, when the 
animal is put to severe exertion the sound ceases. An animal that emits 
this sound is called a "high-blower." Some horses have naturally, very 
narrow nasal openings, and they emit sounds louder than usual in their 
breathing when exercised. 
Whistling is only one of the variations of the sound emitted by a 
horse called a "roarer," and therefore needs no further notice, except to 
remind the reader that a whistling sound may be produced, during an 
attack of severe sore throat or inflammation of the larynx, which passes 
away with the disease that causes it. 
HEAVES, BROKEN WIND, OR ASTHMA. 
Much confusion exists in the popular mind in regard to the nature of 
heaves. Many horsemen loosely apply the term to all ailments where the 
breathing is difficult or noisy. Scientific veterinarians are well acquainted 
