NINTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X 433 
cold. Cold fomentation must then be kept up for another hour or two. 
Dry parts thoroughly and iiuickly and bathe them freely with camphor 1 
ounce, sweet oil 8 ounces, or with equal parts of lead water and laudanum. 
A dry, light bandage should then be applied, the horse allowed to rest, 
and if necessary the treatment may be repeated each day for two or 
three days. If, however, the wound is so severe that sloughing must 
ensue, we should encourage this by poultices made of linseed meal, wheat 
bran, turnips, onions, bread and milk, or hops. Charcoal is to be sprinkled 
over the surface of the poultice when the wound is bad smelling. After 
the slough has fallen off the wound is to be dressed with warm antiseptic 
washes of carbolic acid, chloride of zinc, permanganate of potash, etc. If 
granulating (filling up) too fast, use burnt alum or air-slaked lime. Be- 
sides this local treatment we find that the constitutional symptoms of 
fever and inflammation call for measures to prevent or control them. 
This is best done by placing the injured animal on soft or green food. A 
physic of Barbados aloes, 1 ounce, should be given as soon as possible 
after the accident. Sedatives, such as tincture of aconite root, 15 drops, 
three times a day, or ounce doses of saltpeter every four hours, may also 
be administered. When the symptoms of fever are abated, and if the 
discharges from the wound are abundant, the strength of the patient 
must be supported by good food and tonics. One of the best tonics is as 
follows: Powdered sulphate of iron, powdered gentian, and powdered 
ginger, of each four ounces. Mix thoroughly and give a heaping table- 
spoonful twee a day, on the feed or as a drench. 
PUNCTURED WOUNDS. 
Punctured wounds are produced by the penetration of a sharp or 
blunt pointed substance, such as a thorn, fork, nail, etc., and the orifice 
of these wounds is always small in proportion to their depth. In veterinary 
practice punctured w^ounds are much more common than the others. 
They involve the feet most frequently, next the legs, and often the head 
and face from nails protruding through the stalls and trough. They are 
not only the most frequent, but they are also the most serious, owing 
to the difficulty of obtaining thorough disinfection. Another circum- 
stance rendering them so is the lack of attention that they first receive. 
The external wound is so small that but little or no importance is at- 
tached to it, yet in a short time swelling, pain, and acute inflammation, 
often of a serious character, are manifested. 
Considering the most common of the punctured wounds, we must give 
precedence to those of the feet. Horses worked in cities, about iron 
works, around building places, etc., are most likely to receive "nails in 
the feet." The animal treads upon nails, pieces of iron or screws, and 
forces them into the soles of the feet. If the nail, or whatever it is that 
has punctured the foot, is fast in some large or heavy body, and is with- 
drawn as the horse lifts his foot, lameness may last for only a few steps; 
but unless properly attended to at once he will be found in a day or 
two to be very lame in the injured member. If the foreign body remains 
in the foot, he gradually grows worse from the time of puncture until 
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