1)8 K. HONDA, T. TER ADA, Y. YOSHIDA, AND D. ISITANI. 



rolÜDg into the shore caused great damage to the town/'' 



There are a few examples, in whicli abnormal rise of sea 

 level occurred, when neither a cyclone nor an earthquake was 

 recorded. For example, on March 4, 1001, the mareogram at 

 Ilososhima (PI. TjX, Fig. 3) shows an upheaval of about 20 cm. 

 during 7" -10" a.m. In tlie weather cliart on tliis day (PI. XCTY- 

 XCV), no cyclone is indicated, though a low pressure seems to 

 have prevailed over the Pacific and gales are recorded in several 

 other stations in southern Japan. On this occasion, the second- 

 ary undulation was unusually faint. 



As for the remaining kind of sea waves,f namely long 

 waves witli considerable amplitude accompanying cyclonic storms, 

 we have many remarkable examples, some of wliich we shall 

 describe. On the morning of September 28, 1900, a center 

 of intense cyclonic disturbance passed over the southern coast 

 of Kii (PI. XCV). Tlie tide-gauge record at Kushimoto (PI. 

 LXI. Fig. 1), the southernmost promontory of Kii, shows a rise 

 of general level amounting to about 40 cm. from 3' to 0'' a.m., 

 upon which very remarkable long wave with a maximum am- 

 plitude of 80 cm. were superposed. The period of the most 

 conspicuous wave is about 10'". It is a remarkable fact that 

 on this occasion, the long wave with considerable amplitude 

 lasted only for 3 or 4 hours, during which the general level 

 was upheaved ; they soon subsided into ordinary small waves 

 witli tlie rapidly disappearing cyclonic center. A similar case 

 occurred on August 28, 1890, though without considerable up- 

 heaval of the general level. To take another example, on the 



*) Many examples of the upheaval of sea level observed in Europe and America will 

 be found in Wheeler's " Tid s and waves," Chapter VIII. 

 t) Wheeler, " Tides and waves," Chapter XI, p. 1^7-UO. 



